ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãšã¯ïŒåºæ¬çãªåœ¹å²ãšæ©èœ
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãšã¯ãå·¥æ¥æœèšãçç£ã·ã¹ãã ã®èšèšã建èšãç¶æ管çãè¡ãå°éè·ã§ãã圌ãã¯ã補é å·¥çšãå¹ççãã€å®å šã«è¡ãããããã«æœèšèšèšãæé©åããç¶æ管çèšç»ãçå®ããŸãããŸãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãæ°ããæè¡ãå·¥æ¥æœèšã«çµ±åãããéã®æè¡çãªè©äŸ¡ãæ åœããæœèšãçŸè¡ã®èŠå¶ãç°å¢åºæºãæºããããã«ããéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŸãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®æ©èœã¯ãå·¥æ¥æœèšã«ãããåé¡è§£æ±ºãäžå¿ã«å±éãããŸããããã«ã¯ãæ©æ¢°ã®æ éããããã»ã¹ã®æé©åãå®å šæ§ã®åäžãŸã§å¹ åºã掻åãå«ãŸããŸãã圌ãã¯ãŸããã³ã¹ãåæžãçç£æ§åäžãå»æ£ç©äœæžãªã©ãæœèšã®æç¶å¯èœæ§ãåäžãããããã®åãçµã¿ã«ãé¢äžããŸãã
ãã®åœ¹è·ã¯é«åºŠãªæè¡ç¥èãèŠããç°ãªãå·¥åŠåéã®å°éç¥èãçµ±åããèœåãæ±ãããããããéåžžã«éèŠã§å°éæ§ã®é«ãè·çš®ã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãæœèšã®é·æçãªæåã«äžå¯æ¬ ãªåœ¹å²ãæ ã£ãŠããŸãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®äž»ãªè·åå 容
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®äž»ãªè·åå 容ã¯ãæ°ãããã©ã³ãèšåã®èšèšãæ¢åèšåã®æ¹åãããã»ã¹ãšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ããããžã§ã¯ã管çãªã©ãå«ã¿ãŸãã圌ãã¯ãèšåãã¹ã ãŒãºã«çšŒåããããã«ãã責任ãè² ããæ©æ¢°èšåãã·ã¹ãã ã®é©åãªæ©èœãšä¿å®ãä¿èšŒããŸãã
ãŸãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãçç£ããã»ã¹ã®ç£èŠãšåæãšãã£ãæ¥åžžçãªæ¥åã«ãæºãããŸããçç£æ§ã®ããã«ããã¯ãç¹å®ããæ¹åçãææ¡ããããšã§ãå¹çæ§ã®åäžãšã³ã¹ãåæžã«å¯äžããŸããçµ±åãããå®å šç®¡çã·ã¹ãã ã®ç¶æãšæŽæ°ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®éèŠãªè·åãšãªããŸãã
ãããã®æ¥åãéè¡ããããã«ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯å€ãã®éšéãšååããŠåããŸããåŸã£ãŠãåªããã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³èœåãšããŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæåã®éµãšãªãã®ã§ãã
å·¥æ¥æœèšã®èšèšãšå·¥çšç®¡ç
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®å°éç¥èã¯ãç¹ã«å·¥æ¥æœèšã®èšèšãšå·¥çšç®¡çã«ãããŠéèŠã§ãã圌ãã¯ãæœèšã補åãå¹ççã«çç£ããå質åºæºãæºããããã«ãã責任ãè² ããŸããèšèšãã§ãŒãºã§ã¯ãæé©ãªã¬ã€ã¢ãŠããšã·ã¹ãã èšèšã確ç«ããç°å¢ã«äžãã圱é¿ãæäœéã«æãã€ã€ãã³ã¹ãå¹æãæ倧åããŸãã
å·¥çšç®¡çã§ã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãããžã§ã¯ãã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«ããã³äºç®ãèšå®ããè³æãæ©åšã人å¡ã®å¹ççãªé åãè¡ããŸãã圌ãã¯ãŸãããããžã§ã¯ããæ瞟åºæºãæºããããšãä¿èšŒãããããå質ä¿èšŒãšãªã¹ã¯ç®¡çãè¡ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
å·¥æ¥ãã©ã³ãã®æ¥ã ã®éçšã«ãããŠãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯çç£ããã»ã¹ã®é£ç¶çãªç£èŠãšæ¹åã«åãçµãããšã«ãããéçšå¹çã®ç¶æã«è²¢ç®ããŸããæçµçã«ã圌ãã¯å·¥æ¥æœèšãã³ã¹ããæããçç£æ§ãé«ããããã®æŠç¥çãªæ¹åããµããŒããã圹å²ãæãããŠããŸãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®çš®é¡ãšåé
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã¯ãå€å²ã«ãããå°éåéãå«ãåºç¯ãªé åã§ããäž»èŠãªåéã«ã¯ãååŠå·¥åŠãæ©æ¢°å·¥åŠãé»æ°å·¥åŠãåæšå·¥åŠãªã©ãããããããããç¹å®ã®ç£æ¥ãã©ã³ããããã»ã¹ã«ç¹åããŠããŸãã
äŸãã°ãååŠå·¥åŠã®ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ååŠæœèšã®èšèšãšéçšã«éç¹ã眮ããããŸããŸãªååŠåå¿ãšããã»ã¹ã®ç®¡çãè¡ããŸããæ©æ¢°å·¥åŠã®å°é家ã¯ãæ©åšãã·ã¹ãã ã®èšèšãåæãã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãé»æ°å·¥åŠã®å°é家ã¯é»åã·ã¹ãã ãšå¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ãå°éãšããŸãã
ãã®åéã®ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãããããã®é åã§é«åºŠãªæè¡ç¥èãæã¡ãç£æ¥çã«å¯Ÿããè²¢ç®ãæåŸ ãããŠããŸãã圌ãã®å°éç¥èã¯ãå·¥æ¥ããã»ã¹ã®æé©åãæç¶å¯èœãªéçºãæ°ããæè¡ã®å°å ¥ã«ãããŠãäžå¯æ¬ ãªãã®ã§ãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®ãã£ãªã¢ãã¹ãšé²è·¯
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®ãã£ãªã¢ãã¹ã«ã¯å€ãã®é²è·¯ããããŸããåçŽãšã³ãžãã¢ãšããŠã®ã¹ã¿ãŒããããçµéšãç©ã¿äžããã·ãã¢ãšã³ãžãã¢ããããŒãžã¡ã³ãããžã·ã§ã³ãç®æãããšãã§ããŸãããã£ãªã¢ã®é²å±ã«äŒŽãããããžã§ã¯ãã®ãªãŒããŒã·ãããããŒã 管çããããŠçµç¹å ã§ã®æŠç¥çææ決å®ãžãšé¢äžã®ç¯å²ãåºããŠãããŸãã
äžéšã®ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãå°éæè¡ã掻ãããŠã³ã³ãµã«ãã£ã³ã°äŒç€Ÿãæè²æ©é¢ã§åãéãéžã¶äººãããŸãããŸããæç¶å¯èœãªæè¡ããªãã¥ãŒã¢ãã«ãšãã«ã®ãŒãªã©ã®æ°èåéã§ã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®å°éç¥èãç¹ã«æ±ããããŠããŸãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®ãã£ãªã¢ãç©ãããã«ã¯ãç¶ç¶çãªåŠç¿ãšæè¡ã®æŽæ°ãéèŠã§ããåžžã«é²åãç¶ããå·¥æ¥çã®æåç·ã«çãŸãç¶ããããã«ã¯ãææ°ã®æè¡ååã«éããé©æ°çãªãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãææ¡ãç¶ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ïŒå·¥æ¥æœèšã®èšèšãšéçšã®å°é家ã
ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãé¢ããæœèšã®çš®é¡ã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãããŸããŸãªçš®é¡ã®å·¥æ¥æœèšã®å»ºèšãéçšãç¶æãæ åœããŠããŸãã圌ãã®è²¬ä»»ã¯ãèšèšãããããžã§ã¯ã管çããããŠéçšã«è³ããŸã§å€å²ã«ããããŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæããäž»ãªå·¥æ¥æœèšãèŠãŠãããŸãã
ååŠãã©ã³ãã®æŠèŠãšå·¥çš
ååŠå·¥æ¥ã¯ãåæããååŠè£œåãçç£ããæ¥çã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ååŠãã©ã³ãã®èšèšã«ãããŠãåå¿åšãèžçå¡ããã³ãã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ã®éžå®ããå§ãŸããææãã©ã³ã¹ããšãã«ã®ãŒãã©ã³ã¹ã®èšç®ãè¡ããŸãã圌ãã¯ååŠå€åãšç©è³ªã®æµããã³ã³ãããŒã«ããããã粟å¯ãªèšèšãšèšç»ãå¿ èŠã§ãã
å·¥çšæè¡è ãšããŠããã»ã¹ã®æé©åãå¹çåãå³ãäžæ¹ã§ãèšåã®å®å šæ§ã®ç¢ºä¿ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ååŠãã©ã³ãã«ããããªã¹ã¯ã¢ã»ã¹ã¡ã³ããè¡ããç·æ¥æã®å¯Ÿå¿èšç»ãçå®ããŸãããããã®ããã»ã¹ãéããŠã補åã®å質ãšãã©ã³ãã®å®å šæ§ãå®ã責åãæãããŸãã
æŽã«ãç°å¢èŠå¶ãžã®æºæ ã¯ååŠãã©ã³ãã§åããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠéèŠãªèŠçŽ ã§ããå¯çæç©ãå»æ£ç©ã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã決å®ããæç¶å¯èœãªéçšã«è²¢ç®ããããšãæ±ããããŸãã泚ç®ãããååŠãã©ã³ãã§ã¯ãçãšããå»æ£ç©åæžã®åãçµã¿ã匷åãããŠããŸãã
ç³æ²¹ã»ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ãã®èšèšãšã¡ã³ããã³ã¹
ç³æ²¹ã»ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ãã¯ããšãã«ã®ãŒè³æºã®åŠçã«ç¹åããæœèšã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãæåå Žæã®éžå®ããæ¡åããåæ²¹ã倩ç¶ã¬ã¹ã®ç²Ÿè£œããã»ã¹ã®ç®¡çãŸã§ããã©ã³ãã®ã©ã€ããµã€ã¯ã«å šäœã«é¢äžããŸãããããã®ãã©ã³ãã§ã¯ãé«åºŠãªå®å šèŠå¶ã«åŸã£ãŠæ éãªèšèšãè¡ãããŸãã
ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãç³æ²¹ã»ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ãã§ã¯æ¥µããŠéèŠã§ãããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯å®æçãªæ€æ»ãèšç»ãå®è¡ããããšã§ãèšåãæé«ã®æ§èœã§åäœãç¶ããããã«ããŸããæ éãæŒæŽ©ãå®éã«çºçããå Žåã¯ãè¿ éãã€å¹æçãªãã©ãã«ã·ã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãèŠæ±ãããå Žé¢ãå€ã ãããŸãã
ãŸããç³æ²¹ã»ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ãã®ãšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãæ°ããæœåºæè¡ã粟補æè¡ã®éçºã«åãçµãããšãå€ããæè¡ã®é²åã«åžžã«ã¢ããããŒãããŠããå¿ èŠããããŸãããšãã«ã®ãŒæ¥çã®ååãšç°å¢ä¿è·ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãåãããšãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠå€§ããªèª²é¡ãšãªããŸãã
çºé»æã®çšŒåãšå®å šæ§ç¢ºä¿
çºé»æã¯ãç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ã«äžå¯æ¬ ãªé»åãäŸçµŠããæœèšã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯çºé»æã®èšèšæ®µéã§ãé»åã®éèŠã«å¿ãããã£ãã·ãã£ã®ç¢ºä¿ãèšç»ããŸãããŸããèšåã®çšŒåç¶æ³ãç£èŠããçºé»å¹çã®æ倧åãç®æããŸãã
å®å šæ§ã¯ãçºé»æã®éçšã«ãããŠæåªå ãããã¹ã課é¡ã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯å®æçãªç¹æ€ãã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãå®å šå¯Ÿçãæ åœããäºæ ãæªç¶ã«é²ãããšã«å°œåããŸããäŸãã°ãç«åçºé»æã«ãããŠã¯ããã€ã©ãŒã®å§åæ€æ»ãé 管ã®å£åãã§ãã¯ãè¡ãããŸãã
ããã«ãçºé»æã®çšŒåã«é¢ããŠã¯ãç°å¢ãžã®åœ±é¿ã軜æžããããã®åãçµã¿ãæ±ããããŠããŸããæåºã¬ã¹ã®æµåè£ çœ®ã®å°å ¥ãåçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒãžã®ç§»è¡ãªã©ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ç°å¢ä¿å šãšçµæžæ§ãäž¡ç«ãããããã®è§£æ±ºçãåžžã«èããŠããŸãã
é£åå å·¥ãã©ã³ãã®éçšãšå質管ç
é£åå å·¥ãã©ã³ãã¯ãåææãå å·¥ããŠæ¶è²»è ã«æäŸãã補åãçç£ããŸãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãè¡æåºæºã«åã£ãæž æœãªç°å¢ã§ã®è£œé ã©ã€ã³ã®èšèšãšç®¡çã«è²¬ä»»ãæã¡ãŸãããŸããçç£å¹çãšã³ã¹ãåæžã«ã倧ããè²¢ç®ã§ãã
å質管çã¯é£åå å·¥ã«ãããéèŠãªèŠçŽ ã§ããããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯è£œåã®å®å šæ§ã確ä¿ããããã®ããã»ã¹ç£èŠãè¡ããŸããããã«ã¯ãåæã®éžå®ãçç£ããã»ã¹ãããã±ãŒãžã³ã°ãä¿åæ¹æ³ã茞éãŸã§å«ãŸããŸããå質ã®ç¶æãšæ¹åã®ããã«ã¯ãå³å¯ãªåºæºãšå®æçãªè©äŸ¡ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
æåŸã«ãé£åå å·¥ãã©ã³ãã®ãšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãæ¶è²»è ã®å¥åº·ãšå®å šã第äžãšãããããé£åã®ãã¬ãŒãµããªãã£ãä¿èšŒããã·ã¹ãã ãæŽåããŸããããã«ãããäžãäžã®é£åå®å šäºæ ãçºçããéã«ãè¿ éãã€æ£ç¢ºã«åå ãè¿œåããåçºé²æ¢çãè¬ããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®ææ°åå
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®åéã¯ãæè¡ã®é²åãšå ±ã«åžžã«å€åããå·¥æ¥æœèšã®èšèšãšéçšã«æ°ããæšæºããããããŠããŸãããã®é²æ©ã¯ç°å¢ãžã®é æ ®ãå¹ççãªèªååããã»ã¹ããããŠæç¶å¯èœãªãšãã«ã®ãŒæºãžã®ã·ãããäžå¿çãªè»žãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã以äžã«ããã®åéã§ç¹ã«æ³šèŠãã¹ãææ°ã®ååã詳述ããããŸãã
æç¶å¯èœãªç°å¢èšèšã®éèŠæ§
æå 端ã®ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã§ã¯ãæç¶å¯èœãªç°å¢èšèšãžã®é¢å¿ãé«ãŸã£ãŠããŸããããã«ã¯ããšãã«ã®ãŒå¹çã®é«ãææã®äœ¿çšããå»æ£ç©ãåæžããããã»ã¹ã®å°å ¥ãªã©ãå«ãŸããŸãããŸããæ°Žã®åçå©çšãå°åç°å¢ã«äžãã圱é¿ãæå°éã«æããããã®æŠç¥ãéèŠèŠãããŠããŸãã
èšèšæ®µéã§ç°å¢ã«åªããæè¡ãåãå ¥ããããšã¯ãé·æçã«ã¿ãŠã³ã¹ãåæžã«ãç¹ãããŸããäŸãã°ã倪éœå çºé»ã颚åçºé»ãªã©ã®åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒã®å°å ¥ã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒè³æºã«äŸåããããããå°æ¥çã«çµæžçã¡ãªããããããŸãã
ç°å¢ã®ä¿å šãšçµæžæ§ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ããšãããããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯æç¶å¯èœãªç°å¢èšèšãé©çšããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããå·¥æ¥æœèšã¯ãããã®ååãå°éãã€ã€ãæ¥åãå¹çåããç°å¢ãžã®åœ±é¿ã軜æžãã責任ããããŸãã
ã¹ããŒãå·¥å Žãšèªååæè¡ã®é²æ
ã¹ããŒãå·¥å Žã®æŠå¿µã¯ãèªååãšããŒã¿åéã®æè¡ãå©çšããŠã補é æ¥ãå€§å¹ ã«é²åãããŠããŸããããã«ããããã©ã³ãã®éçšå¹çãåäžããçç£æ§ã®å¢å ãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãã
èªååæè¡ã¯ã人éã®æãå¿ èŠãšããªãããããå·¥åŠãããã»ã¹ç®¡çã·ã¹ãã ãéããŠåžžã«éçºãããŠããŸãããã®çš®ã®æè¡ã¯ããšã©ãŒã®å¯èœæ§ãæžãããäœæ¥è ã®å®å šãåäžããããšå ±ã«ãã³ã¹ããäžããäºãå®èšŒãããŠããŸãã
ãŸããã¹ããŒãå·¥å Žã§ã¯ãããŒã¿åæãéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŸããã»ã³ãµãŒã«ãããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ããŒã¿ã®åéãšåæã«ãã£ãŠãç¶ç¶çãªããã»ã¹ã®æ¹åãå¯èœãšãªãããã©ã³ãã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãæé©åããããšãã§ããŸãã
åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒãžã®åãçµã¿ãšãã©ã³ãèšèš
äžçèŠæš¡ã§ç°å¢åé¡ãžã®æèãé«ãŸãäžãåçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒãœãŒã¹ãžã®ç§»è¡ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã«ãããŠäžå±€ã®éèŠæ§ã垯ã³ãŠããŸãã倪éœå ã颚åããã€ãªãã¹ãªã©ãèªç¶ããåŸããããšãã«ã®ãŒã掻çšããããšã§ãæç¶å¯èœãªçç£æŽ»åãå®çŸå¯èœã§ãã
ãã©ã³ãã®èšèšã«ãããŠããããã®åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒãœãŒã¹ãã©ãçµ±åããããéµãšãªããŸãããšãã«ã®ãŒå¹çãé«ããç°å¢ã«é æ ®ãããã©ã³ãã¯ãé·æçã«ã¯çµè²»ã®åæžã ãã§ãªããäŒæ¥ã®æç¶å¯èœãªã€ã¡ãŒãžåäžã«ãå¯äžããŸãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãåçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒæè¡ã®èª¿æ»ãå°å ¥ãããã³æé©åãéããŠãç°å¢ãžã®è² æ ã軜æžããæ°ããªæ©èœããã©ã³ãã«çã蟌ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
å®å šèŠå¶ãšç°å¢åºæºã®æŽæ°æ å ±
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠãæ³çãªå®å šèŠå¶ãšç°å¢åºæºãžã®é å®ã¯æ¥µããŠéèŠã§ãããããã¯ãã°ãã°èŠçŽãããæŽæ°ãããããããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ææ°ã®æ å ±ãç¶æãããããã«åºã¥ããŠæœèšãéçšããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
åœéçãªåºæºãèŠå¶ã¯ããã©ã³ãèšèšã®å®å šæ§ã確ä¿ããç°å¢ãžã®åœ±é¿ãæäœéã«æããããã«å®ããããŠããŸããããã«ãããäœæ¥è ãšå°å瀟äŒã®å®å šãå®ãããã ãã§ãªããäºæ çºçæã®æ害ãªã¹ã¯ãæžããããšãã§ããŸãã
æŽæ°ãããå®å šèŠå¶ãšç°å¢åºæºã«æéã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããšã¯ããã©ã³ããé·ãéçšãããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãèŠå¶ã®å€æŽã远跡ããããããæœèšèšèšãšéçšã«çµã¿èŸŒãããã®ç¶ç¶çãªç 究ãšæè²ã«åªããªããã°ãªããŸããã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®å¿ é ã¹ãã«ãšè³æ Œ
å¿ é æè¡ãšå°éç¥è
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®é åã§ã¯ãå¹ åºãå¿çšãããæè¡çç¥èãæ±ããããŸãããã®äžæ žãšãªãã®ããããã»ã¹å·¥åŠãæ©æ¢°èšèšãååŠå·¥åŠãé»æ°å·¥åŠãªã©ãå皮工åŠã®åºç€ç¥èã§ãããã©ã³ãã®èšèšã建èšãç¶æ管çã«é¢é£ããæ¥åãããªãããã«ããããå°éç¥èã®ç¿åŸãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
å ããŠãå®å šã«å¯Ÿããæ·±ãç解ãå¿ é ã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ããªã¹ã¯ã¢ã»ã¹ã¡ã³ãã®å®æœãå®å šåºæºã®éµå®ãªã©ãäœæ¥å¡ã®å®å šãšå¥åº·ã確ä¿ãã責任ããããŸãããããã®èœåã¯ãã€ã³ã·ãã³ãäºé²ãšç·æ¥æ察å¿ã®ããã«ã極ããŠéèŠã§ãã
ãŸããCADãœãããŠã§ã¢ã«ä»£è¡šãããåçš®èšèšããŒã«ã®å©çšèœåããä»æ¥ã®ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯æ¬ ãããŸãããæé©ãªãã©ã³ãã¬ã€ã¢ãŠããèšç»ããæ¹è¯ãå ããããã«ã¯ãé«åºŠãªã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã¹ãã«ãå¿ èŠãšãããŸãã
åœéè³æ Œãšèªå®ããã°ã©ã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®ãã£ãªã¢ã«ãããŠãåœéè³æ Œã¯å€§ããªå©ç¹ããããããŸããç¹ã«ãPE (Professional Engineer) ãPMP (Project Management Professional) ãšãã£ãè³æ Œã¯ãé«ãå°éæ§ãšå®è·µèœåã瀺ãéèŠãªææšã§ãã
èªå®ããã°ã©ã ãåããããšã§ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯æŽãªãå°éçãªç¥èãšæèœãä¿®åŸããåœéçãªåºæºã«é©åããå®è·µèœåã身ã«ã€ããããšãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãããããã®è³æ Œã¯ããšã³ãžãã¢ãã°ããŒãã«åžå Žã§ã®ç«¶äºåãé«ããããã®éèŠãªæ段ã§ãã
ããã«ãç¹å®åéã§ã®å°éè³æ ŒãéèŠã§ããäŸãã°ãç³æ²¹ã»ã¬ã¹æ¥çã§ã¯API (American Petroleum Institute) ã®èªå®ãæãŸããããšãå€ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ããããã®è³æ Œãä¿æããŠãããšãå°éæ§ãã¢ããŒã«ã§ãããã£ãªã¢ãã£ã³ã¹ãåºãããŸãã
ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšåé¡è§£æ±ºèœå
å¹æçãªã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¹ãã«ã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããããžã§ã¯ãããŒã ãã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãããµãã©ã€ã€ãŒãèŠå¶åœå±ãšã®éã§æ£ç¢ºãã€å¹æçã«æ å ±ãäŒéããèœåã¯ããããžã§ã¯ããã¹ã ãŒãºã«é²è¡ããããã«å¿ èŠäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
ãã©ã³ãã®éçšã«é¢ããå€æ§ãªåé¡ã解決ããã«ã¯ãåµé çã§è«ççãªæèãæ±ããããŸããé害ãçºçããéã®è¿ éãªå¯Ÿå¿ããäºæãã¬åé¡ã«å¯Ÿããååããªè§£æ±ºçã®ææ¡ãå¿ èŠãšãªãã§ãããã
ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšå¯æ¥ã«é¢é£ããŠããã®ããããŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ãããã«ããã£ã·ããªããªãŒãªããŒã å ã§ååããå ±éã®ç®æšã«åãã£ãŠäœæ¥ãæšé²ããèœåãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯æ¬ ãããªãã¹ãã«ã§ãã
ç¶ç¶çãªåŠç¿ãšèªå·±æŽæ°
æè¡é²åã®éãç£æ¥çã«ãããŠãç¶ç¶çãªåŠç¿ã¯ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ããã£ãªã¢ãçºå±ãããããã§ã®éµã§ããæ°ããæè¡ãèŠå¶ã®å€ããç®ã«è¿ éã«é©å¿ããèœåããé·æã«ãããæåã«ã¯äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
èªå·±æŽæ°ã®ããã«ã¯ãå°éçãªã»ãããŒãã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããã³ã³ãã¡ã¬ã³ã¹ã«åå ããããšãæå¹ã§ãããããã¯æ°ããªãã¬ã³ããåŠã³ãåæ¥ä»ç€Ÿãšçµéšãå ±æãã絶奜ã®æ©äŒãæäŸããŠãããŸãã
ãŸããå€æ§ãªæ¥çã®çºå±ã«äŒŽããæ°ããå°éé åãçŸããããšããããŸããåŸã£ãŠãç¶ç¶çãªæè²ãéããŠã¹ãã«ãæŽæ°ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãšããŠæ§ã ãªææŠã«å¯Ÿå¿ã§ããæºåãæŽããŠããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®æ¥åžžïŒãªã¢ã«ãªæ¥åäºäŸ
ãããžã§ã¯ã管çãšããŒã ã¯ãŒã¯
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãšããŠã®æ¥åžžæ¥åã¯ãè€éãªãããžã§ã¯ã管çããå§ãŸããŸãããã®éçšã§ã¯ãå€å²ã«ãããå·¥åŠçç¥èãšãæ§ã ãªå°éåéã®ããŒã ã¡ã³ããŒãšã®ååãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããããžã§ã¯ãã®ç®æšãšã¹ã³ãŒããæ確ã«å®ããããšããæåãžã®ç¬¬äžæ©ã§ãã
次ãã§ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãªãœãŒã¹ã®å²ãåœãŠãã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ã®èª¿æŽãè¡ããããŒã ãšã®å®æçãªããŒãã£ã³ã°ãéããŠæ å ±ã®å ±æãè¡ããŸããã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³èœåã¯ããã§éèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæããã®ã§ãããã©ã³ãå ã§çºçããåé¡ã«å³åº§ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããŒã å šäœãäžäžžãšãªã£ãŠç®æšéæã«åªããããšãæ±ããããŸãã
ãšã³ãžãã¢ãšããŠã¯æè¡é¢ã®ç¥èã ãã§ãªããªãŒããŒã·ãããçºæ®ãããããžã§ã¯ããäžè²«ããŠå¹çããé²è¡ããããã«ç£ç£ããããšãå¿ é ã§ãããã®ããã«ã¯ãä»äºã®é²è¡ç¶æ³ãæ£ç¢ºã«è¿œè·¡ããé©å®èª¿æŽãè¡ãæè»æ§ãæ±ããããŸãã
ãªã¹ã¯è©äŸ¡ãšç·æ¥äºæ 察å¿
å·¥æ¥æœèšã®å®å šãå®ãã«ã¯ããªã¹ã¯è©äŸ¡ãæ¬ ãããŸããããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯èšåã®éçšã«é¢ãããªã¹ã¯ãç¹å®ãããããæå°éã«æããããã®å¯Ÿçãçå®ããŸãããã®ããã»ã¹ã¯ãéçšã®ãããã段éã§è¡ãããªããã°ãªãããç¶ç¶çãªç£èŠãšè©äŸ¡ãæ±ããããŸãã
ç·æ¥äºæ ãçºçããå Žåããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯è¿ éãã€å·éã«å¯Ÿå¿ããå¿ èŠããããŸããäºæ ãèšåã®æ éãèµ·ããéã«ã¯ãæ©æ¥ãªå€æãå¿ èŠãšããããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯äºåã«çå®ããŠãããç·æ¥å¯Ÿå¿èšç»ã«åŸã£ãŠè¡åãã被害ãæå°éã«æããããšã責åã§ãã
å±æ©ç®¡çèœåã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠéåžžã«äŸ¡å€ã®é«ãã¹ãã«ã§ããç¶æ³ãæ£ç¢ºã«è©äŸ¡ãã顧客ãããŒã ã¡ã³ããŒã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ãªã¢ãªã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåããªãããæåã®è§£æ±ºçãå®è¡ããããã«ãããäžå¯æ¬ ãšãªããŸãã
ã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ãšã³ã¹ã管ç
å·¥æ¥æœèšã®çšŒåã«ã¯å³å¯ãªã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ã䌎ããŸãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãéçšãæŽæ°ã®ã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãèšç»çã«ç®¡çããããšã§ãæœèšãæé©ãªç¶æ ã§çšŒåãç¶ããããã«åªããŸãããã®èšç»æ§ããããŠã³ã¿ã€ã ã®äœæžãšçç£æ§ã®åäžã«çŽçµããããéèŠã§ãã
ãŸãããããžã§ã¯ãã®ã³ã¹ãå¹çãéèŠãªèæ ®äºé ã§ããäºç®ç®¡çã«ã¯çŽ°å¿ã®æ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ãããææ決å®ã¯ã³ã¹ããšå©çã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãèæ ®ããŠè¡ãããŸãããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯æè³å¯Ÿå¹æãæ€èšããæãã³ã¹ãå¹çã®è¯ãæ¹æ³ã§ç®çãéæããããã«åãçµã¿ãŸãã
ã³ã¹ããã³ã³ãããŒã«ããããã«ã¯ãæ¯åºã®è¿œè·¡ãšã¬ããŒãäœæãäžå¯åã§ãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯å®æçã«è²¡ååæãè¡ããè²»çšãäºç®å ã«åãŸãããã«èª¿æŽããªãããå質ãç ç²ã«ããããšã®ãªãããã«ããŸãã
å質ä¿èšŒãšãã¹ãæé
å質ä¿èšŒã¯ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®æ žå¿ãæããã®ã§ããæ©åšãã·ã¹ãã ã®æ§èœãå®æçã«ç£çããæå®ã®å質åºæºãéµå®ãããŠãããã確èªããããã«ãå³æ Œãªãã¹ãæé ãå®æœãããŸããããã«ã€ããŠã®è©³çŽ°ãªææžèšé²ã¯ãäžè²«æ§ã®ããå質ã確ä¿ããäžã§äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
ãšã³ãžãã¢ã¯æ°ããæè¡ãææãè©äŸ¡ãå°å ¥ããéã«ãããã¹ããéããããšã§æçµè£œåã®å®å šæ§ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ãä¿èšŒããŸãããããã®ãã¹ãã¯ãããžã§ã¯ãã®å段éã§ç¹°ãè¿ãè¡ãããåé¡ãèŠã€ãã£ãå Žåã«ã¯ãããã解決ããããã®ä¿®æ£æªçœ®ãè¿ éã«è¬ããããŸãã
æçµçã«ããã¹ãçµæã¯é¢ä¿è ãžå ±åãããããã»ã¹ã®æ¹åãå°æ¥ã®ãããžã§ã¯ããžã®æèšãšããŠåœ¹ç«ãŠãããããšã«ãªããŸãããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãããã®çµæãåæããæé«ã®éçšæ§èœãç¶æããããã®æŠç¥çèšç»ç«æ¡ã«æŽ»çšããŸãã
ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã®ããã®ãã¬ã³ãæè¡ã
3Dã¢ããªã³ã°ãšã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®åéã§ã¯ã3Dã¢ããªã³ã°æè¡ãèšèšããã»ã¹ã倧ããå€åãããŠããŸãããã®ææ³ã«ãããããæ£ç¢ºã§è©³çŽ°ãªå·¥æ¥æœèšã®ããžã¥ã¢ã«ãäœæããããšãå¯èœã«ãªãããã©ã³ãã®æ§é ãäºåã«èŠèŠçã«ç解ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³æè¡ã¯ããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã§ã®ãã©ã³ãéçšã®æ§ã ãªã·ããªãªããã¹ãããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸããããã«ããããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯æœåšçãªãªã¹ã¯ãäºåã«ææ¡ããæé©ãªéçšæé ã決å®ããããšãå¯èœã§ããçµæãšããŠãå¹çæ§ã®åäžãšã³ã¹ãåæžã«ã€ãªãã£ãŠããŸãã
èšåè£ çœ®ã®ã¬ã€ã¢ãŠãããäœæ¥ãããŒã®æé©åãŸã§ã3Dã¢ããªã³ã°ãšã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ããããžã§ã¯ãã®ãããã段éã§ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã«éèŠãªæŽå¯ãæäŸããéèŠãªããŒã«ã§ãã
ããã°ããŒã¿ãšããã»ã¹æé©å
ããã°ããŒã¿ã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã«ãããŠãéèŠãªèŠçŽ ãšãªã£ãŠããŸããèšå€§ãªéã®ããŒã¿ãåæããŠéçšã®å¹çãé«ããæ¹æ³ãæ¢æ±ãããŠããããããããã»ã¹æé©åãžã®éãéããŠããŸãã
ããŒã¿é§åã®ææ決å®ã¯ãèšåã®ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«ãããšãã«ã®ãŒæ¶è²»ãã¿ãŒã³ã®æ¹åãŸã§ãããããéçšé¢ã«ãããŠãšã³ãžãã¢ã®èœåãé«ããŸããããã«ãããããŠã³ã¿ã€ã ãæžå°ããçç£æ§ãé«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ããã°ããŒã¿ã®ææ³ã¯ãŸããå質管çããªãœãŒã¹é åãäŸçµŠãã§ãŒã³ãããŒãžã¡ã³ããªã©ããã©ã³ãã®éçšãæ¹åããå€æ¹é¢ã§ã®å¿çšãèŠèŸŒãŸããŠããŸãã
IoTã«ããèšå管ç
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã»ãªãã»ã·ã³ã°ã¹ïŒIoTïŒã®åºçŸã¯ããã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®äžçã«é©æ°çãªå€åããããããŠããŸããã»ã³ãµãŒãä»ã®ã¹ããŒãããã€ã¹ã¯ãé éãããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã§èšåã®éçšããŒã¿ãç£èŠãã管çããæ©èœãæäŸããŸãã
ãã®æè¡ã¯ã粟床ã®é«ãã¡ã³ããã³ã¹äºæž¬ãå¯èœã«ãããã©ã³ãã®ããŠã³ã¿ã€ã ãæå°éã«ããã ãã§ãªãããªãã¬ãŒã¿ãŒã®å®å šã確ä¿ããäœæ¥ç°å¢ãæ¹åããŸããIoTã¯ãããã¹ã ãŒãºã§å®å šãªéçšãå®çŸããããã®éµãšãªããŸãã
ãã©ã³ãå ã®ããããèšåã IoT æè¡ãšé£æºããããšã§ãå šäœã®å¹çæ§ãå€§å¹ ã«åäžãããããšãã§ããŸãããŸãããšãã«ã®ãŒç®¡çãã³ã¹ãåæžã«ã倧ããªè²¢ç®ãããŠããŸãã
人工ç¥èœ(AI)ã®ãã©ã³ãæ¥åãžã®å¿çš
人工ç¥èœïŒAIïŒã¯ããã©ã³ãæ¥åã®èªååã«ãããŠå€§ããªåœ¹å²ãæãããŠããŸããAIã¯ãäºæž¬ä¿å šãæ é蚺æãçç£ããã»ã¹ã®æé©åãªã©ãå€å²ã«ãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§å¹æãçºæ®ããŸãã
è€éãªãã¿ãŒã³ãåŸåãåæããè¿ éãªææ決å®ããµããŒãããAIã®èœåã¯ããã©ã³ãã®çç£æ§ãšå®è¡å¹çã®åäžãå¯èœã«ããŠããŸããããã«ããããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯æŠç¥çãªä»»åã«æ³šåã§ããããã«ãªããŸãã
AIæè¡ã®é²æ©ã«ãããæªæ¥ã®ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ããã粟緻ãªããŒã¿åæãšããã調åã®åããäœæ¥ç°å¢ã®åµåºã«è²¢ç®ã§ããããšãæåŸ ãããŠããŸãããã©ã³ãã®å¹çãšå®å šæ§ãæŽã«åäžãããããã®é©æ°çãªã¹ãããã§ãã
ãŸãšã
ãã©ã³ããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãå·¥æ¥æœèšã®èšèšã»éçšã®å°é家ã§ãã圌ãã¯ãããžã§ã¯ãã®ç®¡çãå·¥çšã®ç£ç£ãã¡ã³ããã³ã¹èšç»çãæ ãéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŸãããã®åéã«ã¯ååŠãç³æ²¹ã»ã¬ã¹ãçºé»ãé£åå å·¥ãªã©ãå¹ åºãæœèšãå«ãŸããŸããææ°ååãšããŠã¯ãæç¶å¯èœãªèšèšãã¹ããŒãå·¥å Žãåçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒãå®å šèŠå¶ã®æŽæ°ãããŒãã€ã³ãã§ããéèŠã¹ãã«ãšããŠã¯å°éçç¥èãè³æ Œãã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³èœåãç¶ç¶åŠç¿ãå¿ èŠã§ããæ¥åžžã§ã¯ãããžã§ã¯ã管çããªã¹ã¯è©äŸ¡ãã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ãå質ä¿èšŒãæ¥åã®äžäŸããŸãããã¬ã³ãæè¡ã«ã¯3Dã¢ããªã³ã°ãããã°ããŒã¿ãIoTãAIããããŸãã