1. COBOLãšã¯
COBOL(ã³ãã«)ã¯ãã³ã¢ã³ã»ããžãã¹æåèšèªïŒCommon Business Oriented LanguageïŒã®ç¥ã§ãããžãã¹åŠçãäž»ãšããæ¥åã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«çšããããããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ãã
COBOLã¯æ解æ§ã移æ€æ§ãäžæäºææ§ãªã©ãéèŠããŠèšèšãããŠãããããžãã¹ã®èŠæ±ããã€ã¬ã¯ãã«åæ ãããããšãå¯èœã§ãããšããç¹åŸŽããããŸãã
ãŸãããšã³ã¿ãŒãã©ã€ãºã¬ãã«ã§ã®å€§èŠæš¡ãªããŒã¿åŠçèœåãæã¡ãªãããèªç¶èšèªã«è¿ãã·ã³ã¿ãã¯ã¹ïŒææ³ïŒãæ¡çšããŠãããããããžãã¹ããžãã¯ã®ç解ã容æã§ãããä¿å®ã»éçšãæ¯èŒç容æã«è¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã
1.1 COBOL ã®åè©äŸ¡: ãããããã玹ä»
çŸä»£ã®ITç°å¢ã§ã¯å€çš®å€æ§ãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãååšããŸãããCOBOLã®éèŠæ§ã¯äŸç¶ãšããŠè¡°ããŠããŸããã
ç¹ã«éè¡ãä¿éºãç©æµãªã©ã倧èŠæš¡ãã€è€éãªæ¥ååŠçãè¡ãã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯ããã®å ç¢æ§ãšé«ãå¯çšæ§ããCOBOLã掻çšãããŠããŸãããŸããéå»ã«COBOLã§éçºãããã·ã¹ãã ãçŸåšã皌åãç¶ããŠããäºäŸãå€ãã§ãã
ã€ãŸããCOBOLã¯ãå€ãæè¡ããšããã¬ããã«ã貌ãããã¡ã§ãããããã¯ãæŽå²ãé·ããå®çžŸãããããšãã蚌ã§ããããŸãã
1.2 COBOLã®æŽå²
COBOLã¯1959幎ã«ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã§çãŸããæ©ãããããžãã¹åãã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãšããŠçšããããŸããã
以éãCOBOLã¯å€§èŠæš¡ãªããžãã¹ã·ã¹ãã ã®éçºã«æ¬ ãããªãååšãšãªãããäžçãæ¯ããããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªããšã称ãããããã«ãªããŸããã
çŸä»£ã§ããäžçäžã®å€ãã®å€§äŒæ¥ãCOBOLãçšããã·ã¹ãã ã皌åãããŠãããæ°èŠéçºã ãã§ãªãä¿å®ã»éçšé¢ã§ããã®éèŠæ§ã¯é«ãŸãäžæ¹ã§ãã
1.3 COBOLã®èšèªç¹æ§ãšåŒ·ã¿
COBOLã®ç¹é·ã¯ãã®æ解æ§ã«ãããŸããè±èªã«è¿ãæ§æãæã€ãããããã°ã©ã ãäœãããŠããã®ãç解ããããããããä¿å®ã»éçšã®å®¹æãã«ãç¹ãããŸãã
ãŸããCOBOLã¯å€§èŠæš¡ãªããŒã¿åŠçèœåãæã€ãããè«å€§ãªéã®ããžãã¹ããŒã¿ãåŠçããã®ã«é©ããŠããŸããããããéèæ©é¢ãç©æµäŒç€Ÿãªã©ã§æªã ã«çšãããç¶ããŠãã倧ããªçç±ã§ãã
COBOLã®å¯æ¬æ§ã匷ã¿ã®äžã€ã§ããCOBOLã§æžãããã³ãŒãã¯ãããŒããŠã§ã¢ãOSãåããã«åäœããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
1.4 çŸä»£ã§ã®COBOLã®å©çšåé
COBOLã¯äž»ã«éèæ©é¢ãä¿éºäŒç€Ÿã倧èŠæš¡ãªç©æµã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ã§å©çšãããŠããŸãã
ãããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ããžãã¹ã®æ žå¿éšåãæ ã£ãŠããããã®å®å®ããåäœã¯çµæžæŽ»åå šäœã®å®å®ã«ãå¯äžããŠããŸãã
ãŸããæ¿åºãå ¬çæ©é¢ã®ã·ã¹ãã ããã«ã¹ã±ã¢ã補é æ¥ã®ã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ã§ãCOBOLã®å ç¢ããšå®å®æ§ãæ±ããããŠãããCOBOLã¯äŸç¶ãšããŠå€ãã®åéã§æŽ»èºããŠããŸãã
2. ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã¯
ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ããšããèªèœããããšãããã§ãããããããã¯ãã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã«ãããå®çªãšããããååšã§ãéçºã®å¹çåãå質åäžã«å€§ãã«è²¢ç®ããŠããŸãã
ãããããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšããæŠå¿µã¯ããŸãå ·äœçãªã€ã¡ãŒãžããªããšæãããããããªãã§ãããããã§ãã®ç« ã§ã¯ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã¯å ·äœçã«äœãããã®å©ç¹ã掻çšäŸãéžå®æã®æ³šæç¹ãè©äŸ¡åºæºã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŠã¿ãããšæããŸãã
ããã§ã¯ãŸããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æŠå¿µã«ã€ããŠèª¿ã¹ãŠã¿ãŸãããã
2.1 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æŠå¿µãšã¯
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®åºæ¬çãªä»çµã¿ãã©ã€ãã©ãªãªã©ãæäŸããŠãããæ çµã¿ã®ããšãæããŸãããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ãããã§ãéçºè ã¯æ¢åã®ã³ãŒããåŒã³åºãã ãã§è€éãªåŠçãå®çŸã§ããã®ã§ãã
äŸãã°ãWebã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãäœæããæããã°ã€ã³æ©èœãããŒã¿ããŒã¹æ¥ç¶ãªã©äžè¬çã«å¿ èŠãªæ©èœã¯ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæäŸããŠããããããéçºè ã¯ãããã®åºæ¬çãªæ©èœã«æéããªãœãŒã¹ã䜿ãå¿ èŠããããŸããã
ãŸãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯çµ±äžãããæ§é ã®ããšã§ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå¶äœããããããããžã§ã¯ãéã§ã®å ±éèªèãæã¡ããããªããããŒã éçºããããããªããšããã¡ãªããããããŸãã
2.2 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å©ç¹
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ã¯èšãç¥ããªãã»ã©ã®å©ç¹ããããŸãããŸãæåã«æããããã®ã¯éçºé床ã®åäžã§ããåºæ¬çãªæ©èœãã©ã€ãã©ãªãšããŠæäŸãããŠãããããéçºè ã¯ãããåŒã³åºãã ãã§æžã¿ãŸãã
次ã«ãå®å šæ§ã倧ããªå©ç¹ã®äžã€ã§ãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§æäŸãããæ©èœã¯å€ãã®éçºè ã«ãããã¹ãããããã®å質ã確èªãããŠããŸãããã®ããããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãçšããŠéçºãããœãããŠã§ã¢ã¯ãã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã«åªããŠãããšèšããŸãã
ããã«ãä¿å®æ§ã®èŠ³ç¹ããèŠãŠããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯åªããŠããŸããã³ãŒããçµ±äžãããèŠçŽã«åŸããããä»ã®éçºè ãç解ããããã容æã«ã³ãŒãã®ä¿®æ£ãæ©èœè¿œå ãè¡ããŸãã
2.3 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æŽ»çšäŸ
å€ãã®äººæ°ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã«ã¯ããã®èšèªã«ç¹åãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãååšããŸããäŸãã°ãPythonã§ã¯DjangoãFlaskãJavaã§ã¯SpringããããŠCOBOLã«ãNetCOBOLãªã©ããããŸãã
ãããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãããããç°ãªãçšéãç¹æ§ãæã£ãŠãããããéçºãããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®èŠæš¡ãèŠä»¶ã«å¿ããŠé©åãªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãéžã¶ããšãéèŠã§ãã
å®éã®æŽ»çšäŸãšããŠã¯ãã¢ãã€ã«ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãWebã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãªã©ãæããããããããã«æé©åããããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãå©çšãããŠããŸãã
2.4 éžå®æã®æ³šæç¹ãšè©äŸ¡åºæº
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯éžå®æã®æ倧ã®æ³šæç¹ã¯ããéçºèŠä»¶ã«æé©ãªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãéžã¶ãããšã§ãã
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®éžå®åºæºãšããŠèæ ®ãã¹ãç¹ã¯ã©ã€ãã©ãªã®å å®åºŠãããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã®è³ªãæŽæ°é »åºŠãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®æŽ»çºããªã©ããããŸãã
ãããã®é ç®ãå å®ããŠãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãéçºæã«å°ã£ããšãã«è§£æ±ºçãèŠã€ãããããããéçºå¹çã®åäžããã©ãã«ãé¿ããã®ã«æå©ã§ãããŸããé·æã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã«ãããŠã¯ããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãç¶ç¶çã«æŽæ°ã»ä¿å®ããããã©ãããéèŠãªéžå®åºæºãšãªããŸãã
3. COBOLã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšãã®æ©èœ
èšèªèªäœãé«éœ¢åãã€ã€ããã«ãããããããäžçã®å€ãã®æ¥åã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ããŸã ã«COBOLã§æžãããŠããããã®é Œãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯æ¥çã«ãããŠç¡èŠã§ããªãååšã§ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãCOBOLã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšãã®æ©èœã詳ãã解ãæãããŠãããŸãã
ããã«ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ç®çãšæ©èœãæ§æèŠçŽ ã圹å²ãšå©ç¹ããããŠå®è£ æ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠãåŠã³ãŸããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ç解ãšé©åãªäœ¿çšæ¹æ³ã¯ãå¹ççãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºãšä¿å®ã«ãããéµãšãªãã®ã§ãã
3.1 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ç®çãšæ©èœ
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®å質ãšçç£æ§ãåäžãããããã«éçºãããŸãããããã«ãããéçºè ã¯è€éãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå¹ççã«éçºããç¶æããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãŸããéçºè ãå ±éã®çµç¹å šäœã®èšå®ãé¢æ°ãåå©çšããç¹°ãè¿ã䜿çšããããšã容æã«ããŸãã
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®éèŠãªæ©èœãšããŠã®ã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«æ§ã¯ãéçºãšã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ã®éã®æéãæžãããçç£æ§ã倧ãã«åäžãããããã®ææ³ã®äžã€ã§ãã
3.2 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ§æèŠçŽ
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãå€ãã®ç¬ç«ããã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ããæ§æãããŠããŸãããããã®ã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºã®ç°ãªãéšåãåãæ±ããŸããã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ããããããäžé£ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒå®çŸ©é¢æ°ãæã€ããšã§ãåå©çšå¯èœãªã³ã³ããŒãã³ããšããŠæ©èœããŸãã
åã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ãããããç¹å®ã®æ©èœã«å°å¿µããŠãããåå©çšå¯èœã§ç§»æ€æ§ãé«ããšããç¹åŸŽãæã£ãŠããŸãããã®ãããªçç±ãããã³ãŒãã®è€è£œãåé·æ§ãæžå°ããã³ãŒãããŒã¹å šäœã®ä¿å®ã容æã«ãªããŸãã
ããŒã¿ç®¡çã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããžãã¯ã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ãªã©ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯æ§æèŠçŽ ã®å ·äœçãªäŸãæããããšãã§ããŸãã
3.3 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®åœ¹å²ãšå©ç¹
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãåå©çšæ§ãã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«æ§ãä¿å®æ§ã®åäžãšããããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®å質ãå€§å¹ ã«åäžããã圹å²ãæãããŠããŸãããŸããéçºè ã®çç£æ§ãåäžãããããã«ãäžé£ã®ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°èŠåãšããŒã«ãæäŸããŸãã
ç¹ã«ããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãé©çšããã°ãéçºè ã¯æéã®ãããåºæ¬çãªæ©èœéçºã«æéãåãããããšãªããããè€éã§å ·äœçãªããžãã¹ããžãã¯ã«éäžããããšãã§ããŸãã
ããã«ãäžåºŠéçºãããã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ä»ã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã§åå©çšããããšãå¯èœã§ãããããã«ããéçºæéã®ççž®ãšå質ã®ç¢ºä¿ãèããæåŸ ã§ããŸãã
3.4 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å®è£ æ¹æ³
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å®è£ ã¯ãCOBOL ã®çµç¹å šäœã®èšå®ãé¢æ°ãã«ãŒãã³ãèŠã€ããŠåå©çšããããšããå§ããŸãã次ã«ãããããçµã¿åãããŠæ°ããªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãæ§ç¯ããŸãã
éçºéçšã§å¿ èŠãšãªãã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ããã§ã«ååšããªãå Žåãæ°ãã«ãããéçºããä»ã®éçºãããžã§ã¯ãã§åå©çšã§ããããã«ã©ã€ãã©ãªã«è¿œå ããŸãã
ãããã®ããã»ã¹ãéããŠãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯å¹ççãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºãšä¿å®ãå¯èœã«ããŸããããã¯åå©çšå¯èœãªã³ãŒãã®ã»ãããçµç¹å šäœã§å©çšå¯èœãªæšæºæ©èœãéçºããã³ä¿å®äœæ¥ã®æéãæžããããã®å¹æçãªããŒã«ãšããŠæ©èœããã®ã§ãã
4. COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å®è£ ã¬ã€ã
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã®æ¥åã·ã¹ãã éçºã«ãããæã確ããªéžæè¢ã®äžã€ã§ãããã®ãã¯ãŒãšå ç¢æ§ãä¿¡é Œæ§ãæ¥çã§é«ãè©äŸ¡ãããŠããŸããããã§ã¯ããã®å®è£ ã¬ã€ãã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãŸãã
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å©çšã«ã¯ãäºåã®ç°å¢èšå®ãšåæèšå®ãéèŠãšãªããŸãã次ã«ãå ·äœçãªCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å°å ¥æé ã«ã€ããŠè©³è¿°ããŸããããã«ãå®éã®ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã§ã®ãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãããããã°ãšãã©ãã«ã·ã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã«ã€ããŠã觊ããŠãããŸãã
ãã®å®è£ ã¬ã€ãããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãå¹æçã«æŽ»çšããããžãã¹ãæšé²ããäžå©ãšãªãããšãé¡ã£ãŠããŸãã
4.1 ç°å¢èšå®ãšåæèšå®
å®è£ ãå§ããåã«ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæ£åžžã«åäœããããã®ç°å¢èšå®ãšåæèšå®ãå¿ èŠã§ããç°å¢èšå®ã«ã¯ãããŒããŠã§ã¢ãšãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®äž¡æ¹ãå«ãŸããŸãã
ããŒããŠã§ã¢ã¯ãåŠçèœåãã¡ã¢ãªå®¹éãã¹ãã¬ãŒãžå®¹éãªã©ãååã«ç¢ºä¿ã§ãããã®ãéžå®ããããšãéèŠã§ãããŸãããœãããŠã§ã¢ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã察å¿ããŠããOSãDBããã¡ããšéžæããããšãæ±ããããŸãã
åæèšå®ã§ã¯ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®åæãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ããŸããããã«ã¯ã䜿çšããDBã®æ¥ç¶æ å ±ããã°åºåã®èšå®ãªã©ãå«ãŸããŸãã
4.2 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å°å ¥æé
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å°å ¥æé ã¯ãããŠã³ããŒããã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãèšå®ããããŠåäœç¢ºèªã®4ã€ã®ã¹ãããã§æ§æãããŸãã
ãŸãã¯ãå ¬åŒãŠã§ããµã€ããŸãã¯å¯Ÿå¿ãããœãŒã¹ããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãããŠã³ããŒãããŸãããã次ã«ãããŠã³ããŒããããã¡ã€ã«ã解åããã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãéå§ããŸããã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãå®äºããããå¿ èŠãªèšå®ãè¡ããŸããèšå®ãå®äºããããæåŸã«åäœç¢ºèªãããŸãã
å šãŠã®ã¹ããããç¡äºã«å®äºããã°ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å°å ¥ã¯æåã§ãããã®ã¹ãããããã¡ããšèžãããšã§ã以éã®éçºäœæ¥ãã¹ã ãŒãºã«é²ãã§ãããã
4.3 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ãããã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã®ãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã®ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã®ãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãå®ãããšã§ãå質ã®é«ããœãããŠã§ã¢éçºãå¯èœãšãªããŸãã
ãŸãã¯ãåœåèŠåã«åŸããå€æ°åãé¢æ°åãé©åã«ã€ããããšãéèŠã§ãã次ã«ãçµ±äžæã®ããã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãä¿ã€ããšã§ããœãŒã¹ã³ãŒãã®å¯èªæ§ãé«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãŸããã³ã¡ã³ããå¹æçã«æŽ»çšããããšã§ããœãŒã¹ã³ãŒãã®ç解ãæ·±ããããä»ã®éçºè ãšã®åæ»ãªã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå®çŸããããšãå¯èœãšãªããŸãã
4.4 ãããã°ãšãã©ãã«ã·ã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ããããããã°ãšãã©ãã«ã·ã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¯ãå¹æçãªéçºäœæ¥ã«æ¬ ãããŸããã
ãŸãã¯ãé©åãªãããã°ããŒã«ã掻çšããããšã§ãå¹ççã«ãšã©ãŒãçºèŠã»ä¿®æ£ããããšãå¯èœãšãªããŸãã
ãŸãããã©ãã«ã·ã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã«ã¯ãã·ã¹ãã ã®ãã°ã掻çšããããšãéèŠã§ãããã°ã«ã¯ãã·ã¹ãã ã®ç¶æ ããšã©ãŒæ å ±ã詳现ã«èšé²ãããŠãããããåé¡è§£æ±ºã®æããããšããããšãã§ããŸãã
5. COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšä»èšèªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ¯èŒ
ããã§ã¯ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšä»ã®èšèªã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã®æ¯èŒã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŠãããŸããããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãPythonãJavaãRubyããããŠC#ãšã®æ¯èŒã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŸããããããã®èšèªã®ç¹æ§ã«ã€ããŠç解ããããšã§ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®é·æçæãããé®®æã«ãªããŸãã
ãŸã倧åæãšããŠãCOBOLã®äž»ãª stronghold ã¯éè¡ãªã©ã®æ¥çã§ãå åºããšä¿¡é Œæ§ãèŠæ±ãããåéã«ãããŠãå€ãå°éãããŠããŸããäžæ¹ã§ PythonãJavaãRubyããããŠC#ã¯Webéçºãªã©ãæ°ããé åã§ã®å©çšãäžå¿ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ãããã®èšèªãšæ¯èŒããããšã§ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã®å¹ åºãé åã«ãããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®äŸ¡å€ãç解ããããã®èŠç¹ãåŸãããŸãã
5.1 COBOLãšPythonãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ¯èŒ
Pythonãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯äžè¬çã«éçºè ã«äžäœåãããç°å¢ãæäŸããéçºæéãççž®ããŸããäžæ¹ãCOBOLã¯æ§æ¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸããå ç¢ãªã·ã¹ãã ãæ§ç¯ããããšãç®æããããèšèšæ®µéããå¿ èŠãªæéãé·ããªããŸãã
ãŸããPythonãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãµãŒãããŒãã£ã®ã©ã€ãã©ãªãšã®äºææ§ãé«ãã§ãããCOBOLã®å Žåã¯éå®çã§ããããã¯ãCOBOLãäž»ã«å€§èŠæš¡ãªæ¥åã·ã¹ãã ã§äœ¿ãããŠãããã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãšäºææ§ãéèŠããããã§ãã
ããããå ç¢ããšä¿¡é Œæ§ãæ±ããäŒæ¥ã§ã¯ããã®ç¹æ§ãã COBOL ãéžã°ããããšãå€ãã®ã§ãã
5.2 COBOLãšJavaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ¯èŒ
Javaã¯ã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã éçºãå¯èœã§ããã®ããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæ°å€ãååšããŸããäžæ¹ãCOBOLã¯äŒçµ±çã«ã¡ã€ã³ãã¬ãŒã ã«ãããéçºã«äž»çŒã眮ããŠããŸãã
Javaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®äžã«ã¯ãéåžžã«é«åºŠãªæ©èœãæã£ããã®ããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºãå€§å¹ ã«ç°¡çŽ åããããŒã«ãååšããŸããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãåæ§ã§ããããã®æ éãªã¢ãããŒããå€ä»£ã®ãã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ã«ãããæ°èŠéçºè ã«ã¯é£ããèŠãããããããŸããã
ãããããããã¯å€§èŠæš¡ããŒã¿ãã³ããªã³ã°ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ã確ä¿ããããã®ãã®ã§ããã®åéã§ã¯COBOLã匷åãªååšæãæŸã£ãŠããŸãã
5.3 COBOLãšRubyãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ¯èŒ
Rubyãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯é«ééçºãšæè»æ§ãéèŠããŠããŸããéã«COBOLã¯å ç¢æ§ãšå®å®æ§ãéèŠããŠãããããéçºé床ã¯å°ã ç ç²ã«ãªãããšããããŸãã
ãŸããRubyããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ã®æåãæã£ãŠããããŠãŒã¶ãŒã³ãã¥ããã£ããã®çŽæ¥çãªãã£ãŒãããã¯ãå¯èœã§ããäžæ¹ãCOBOLã¯å€ãæ¹æ³ã«äŸåããŠããããããããã£ãŒãããã¯ã®ååŸã¯å¶éãããŸãã
ããããé·å¹Žã«ããã䜿çšãšå³æ Œãªãã¹ãã«ãããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãã®é«ãå ç¢æ§ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ã蚌æããŠããŸãã
5.4 COBOLãšC#ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ¯èŒ
C#ã¯Microsoftã«ãã£ãŠéçºãããèšèªã§ãäž»ã«ãŠã§ããšãã¹ã¯ãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«çšããããŸãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯.NETãäžå¿ã«å€ãçšæãããŠããŸãã
C#ã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯é«ãæ¡åŒµæ§ãšäŸ¿å©ãªã©ã€ãã©ãªãæã£ãŠããããšãç¹åŸŽã§ãããäžæ¹COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ãšå ç¢ãããããããã®æ¢æ±ãäºã®æ¬¡ã«èããåŸåã«ãããŸãã
äž¡è ã¯æ確ã«ç°ãªãçšéãšç®çããã£ãŠäœãããŠããŸãããããããã®çšéã§ã®åŒ·ãããããCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯çŸåšã倧èŠæš¡ããŒã¿åŠçã«ãããŠãã®äŸ¡å€ã蚌æãç¶ããŠããŸãã
6. COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æªæ¥
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ä»åŸãæ§ã ãªç°å¢ã«ãããŠãã®äŸ¡å€ã蚌æãç¶ããã§ãããã
æ°ããªæè¡çé©æ°ãç©æ¥µçã«åãå ¥ãã€ã€ãå ç¢ãªã·ã¹ãã ãæ§ç¯ããéå ·ãšããŠã®ããŒã«ãç¶ç¶ããŠãããŸãã
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ããã€ããã³ã·ã£ã«ãšä»å 䟡å€ãç解ããããšã¯ãæªæ¥ã®æè¡ç°å¢ãèªã¿è§£ãéµãšããããŸãã
6.1 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®é²åãšä»åŸã®å±æ
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ããã®æè»æ§ãšäœ¿ããããããããŸããŸãªæ¥çã§äœ¿ãããŠããŸããããããããããããã«åäžãããããã®åãçµã¿ãç¶ããããŠããŸãã
è¿å¹Žã®ã¯ã©ãŠããµãŒãã¹ãžã®æ¥éãªç§»è¡ã¯ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å¯Ÿå¿èœåãè©Šãæ©äŒãšãªã£ãŠãããããã«ãã£ãŠCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®é²åãå éããŠããŸãã
æªæ¥ã®COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ããããã¯ãã«ã§ãããæè»æ§ã®ãããã®ãšãªãã§ãããã
6.2 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ãããæ°æè¡ã®é©å¿
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯æ°ããæè¡ãæ¡çšããçŸä»£ã®éçºç°å¢ãšçžäºäœçšã§ããããé²åããŠããŸãã
ããšãã°ãããã°ããŒã¿ãAIãšãã£ãæ°æè¡ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããã®æè»æ§ã¯ãããããã®COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«æ±ããããéèŠãªç¹æ§ãšãããŸãã
ãŸãããã€ã¯ããµãŒãã¹ãDockerãšãã£ãæ°ããªæè¡ãã¬ã³ãã«ã察å¿ããããšã§ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯æ°ããæ代ã®èŠæ±ãæºãããŠããã§ãããã
6.3 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å¯èœæ§ãšãã®åœ±é¿
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ãšå ç¢æ§ãããããŸã ã«å€ãã®éèŠãªã·ã¹ãã ã§äœ¿çšãããŠããŸãã
ããã¯ãCOBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãããžãã¹ã«ãããŠéèŠãªäœçœ®ãå ããŠããããšã瀺ããŠããŸãã
ãã®åœ±é¿åãšå¯èœæ§ã¯ãæ°ããªæè¡ãå éããçŸä»£ã«ãããŠããäŸç¶ãšããŠå€§ããªæå³ãæã£ãŠããŸãã
6.4 COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšSDLCïŒãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã©ã€ããµã€ã¯ã«ïŒ
COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã«ãããŠäžè²«ããSDLCããµããŒãããŠããŸãã
ããã¯ãèšç»ããéçºããã¹ãããªãªãŒã¹ãå©çšãŸã§ã®å šãŠã®æ®µéã§COBOLãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæçšã§ããããšã瀺ããŠããŸãã
ä»åŸãæè¡ã®æ°ããªæœ®æµã«å³å¿ããªãããSDLCããµããŒãããå ç¢ãªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšããŠã®åœ¹å²ãæããç¶ããããšã§ãããã