1. XMLãšHTMLã®åºæ¬ç¥è
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1.1 XMLãšã¯äœã
XMLïŒeXtensible Markup LanguageïŒã¯ãããŒã¿ãæ§é åã亀æããããã®ããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã§ããXMLã¯ã¿ã°ãçšããŠããŒã¿ãéå±€çã«æ§é åããç¹åŸŽãæã£ãŠããŸãã
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1.2 HTMLãšã¯äœã
HTMLïŒHyper Text Markup LanguageïŒã¯ãŠã§ãããŒãžãäœæããããã®ããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã§ããHTMLã§ã¯ããŠã§ãããŒãžã«è¡šç€ºãããããã¹ããç»åãªã©ã®ã³ã³ãã³ããšããããã®é 眮ãæå®ããŸãã
HTMLã¯äžè¬çã«ã¯XMLãXHTMLãšãã£ãããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã®äžçš®ã§ããã®äž»ãªç®çã¯ãŠã§ããã©ãŠã¶ã§è¡šç€ºããããŠã§ãããŒãžã®æ§é ãæå®ããããšã§ããèŠçŽ ïŒã¿ã°ïŒã䜿çšããŠããŒã¯ã¢ãããè¡ããããã«ãããã©ãŠã¶ã¯ã³ã³ãã³ããé©åã«è¡šç€ºããããšãã§ããŸãã
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1.3 XMLãšHTMLã®åºæ¬çãªæ§é
XMLãšHTMLã®åºæ¬çãªæ§é ã¯äŒŒãŠããŸãããããããã®ç®çãšäœ¿çšæ¹æ³ãç°ãªããŸããXMLã§ã¯ããŒã¿ã®è»¢éãšä¿åã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠãããHTMLã¯ãŠã§ãããŒãžã®è¡šç€ºã«éç¹ã眮ããŠããŸãã
XMLã§ã¯ãæ
å ±ãæ§é åããããã«å°ãªããšã1ã€ããŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ãšã¬ã¡ã³ãïŒã¿ã°ïŒãåãã芪ãšã¬ã¡ã³ãïŒroot
elementïŒããå§ãŸãäžè²«ããæ§é ãå¿
èŠã§ããããã«ãããXMLææžã¯ããªãŒæ§é ãæã€ããšã«ãªããŸãã
äžæ¹ãHTMLã§ã¯ææžã®æãåºæ¬çãªéšåãšãªã<html>ã¿ã°ã®äžã«ã<head>ã¿ã°ãš<body>ã¿ã°ã®2ã€ã®äž»èŠãªéšåãå«ã¿ãŸããããŒãžäžã«è¡šç€ºãããäž»èŠãªã³ã³ãã³ãã¯å€§éšåã<body>ã¿ã°å ã«é 眮ãããŸãã
1.4 XMLãšHTMLã§äœ¿ãããäžè¬çãªçšèª
XMLãšHTMLãç解ããããã«ã¯ãããããã§äœ¿ãããäžè¬çãªçšèªãç解ããããšãéèŠã§ãã以äžã«ããããã®çšèªã解説ããŸãã
XMLã§ãã䜿ãããçšèªã«ã¯ãšã¬ã¡ã³ããã¢ããªãã¥ãŒãããšã³ãã£ãã£ãªã©ããããŸãããšã¬ã¡ã³ãã¯ã¿ã°ã§å²ãŸããæ å ±ã®ããšãæããã¢ããªãã¥ãŒãã¯ãšã¬ã¡ã³ãã®ç¹æ§ãè¡šãããšã³ãã£ãã£ã¯äžéšã®æåãè¡šããŸãã
HTMLã§ãã䜿ãããçšèªã«ã¯ã¿ã°ããšã¬ã¡ã³ããå±æ§ãªã©ããããŸããã¿ã°ã¯ãšã¬ã¡ã³ããäœæããããã«äœ¿ããããšã¬ã¡ã³ãã¯ãŠã§ãããŒãžã®ããŸããŸãªéšåã瀺ããå±æ§ã¯ç¹å®ã®ãšã¬ã¡ã³ãã®è¿œå æ å ±ãæäŸããŸãã
2. XMLãšHTMLã®æ確ãªéã
XMLãšHTMLããã®2ã€ã®æè¡ã¯è¿ããé ããããããšèšãããããããŸãããäžèŠãããšäŒŒããããªæ çµã¿ããã£ãŠããŸãããå®éã«ã¯ããããç¬ç¹ãªæ§è³ªãšåœ¹å²ãæã£ãŠããŸããããã§ã¯ãå ·äœçã«ã©ã®ãããªéããããã®ã§ãããããäžèšã®é ç®ã§ãã®æ確ãªéããç解ããŠããã ããŸãããã
2.1 æ§æã®éã
ãŸãåãã«ãæ§æã®éãã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸããHTMLã¯è¡šç€ºãéèŠããããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã§ãç¹å®ã®ã¿ã°ã¯ç¹å®ã®æåãæã€ãšãã£ãå ·äœçãªåœ¹å²ãå®ããããŠããŸããäžæ¹ãXMLã¯ããŒã¿ã®æ§é ãæå³ãèšè¿°ããããã®ããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã§ãä»»æã®ã¿ã°ãäœãããšãã§ããŸãã
ãã®ãããHTMLã¯ãã©ãŠã¶äžã§ã®è¡šç€ºãäžå¿ã«èããããèšèªã§ããèŠãç®ããéèŠãããŸããå察ã«ãXMLã¯ãæ å ±ã®äžèº«ããéèŠãããã®æ§é ãæè»ã«æå®ã§ããŸãã
å ·äœçã«ã¯ãHTMLã§ã¯<h1>ã¿ã°ã¯èŠåºããè¡šãã<a>ã¿ã°ã¯ãªã³ã¯ãè¡šããŸããããããXMLã§ã¯ã¿ã°èªäœã«åºå®çãªæå³ã¯ãããŸããããã®ã¿ã°ãäœã瀺ãã®ãã¯ããã®XMLææžã®å®çŸ©ã«ãããŸãã
2.2 ããŒã¿è¡šçŸã®éã
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XMLã§èšè¿°ãããããŒã¿ã¯ããã®ãŸãŸäººéãèªãããšããæ©æ¢°ã解æããããšãå¯èœã§ããäžæ¹ãHTMLã¯äººéããã©ãŠã¶ãéããŠæ å ±ãååŸããããã®ãã®ã§ãååãšããŠæ©æ¢°ã解æããããšãç®çãšããŠããŸããã
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2.3 çšéãšçšéã®éã
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XMLã¯ããŒã¿ã®èŒžéãšä¿åãå¹ççã«ç®¡çããããã«ãããŸããŸãªå Žé¢ã§å©çšãããŸããç¹ã«DBããã®ããŒã¿æœåºããè€æ°ã®ããã°ã©ã éã§ã®ããŒã¿å ±æãªã©ã«äŸ¿å©ã§ãã
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2.4 ãã®ä»ã®ç¹åŸŽçãªéã
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HTMLã§ã¯éãã¿ã°ãçç¥ããããšãèš±ãããå ŽåããããŸãããXMLã§ã¯éå§ã¿ã°ãšçµäºã¿ã°ã®çµãå¿ ãå¿ èŠã§ãããŸããXMLã§ã¯ã¿ã°ã®å ¥ãåæ§é ãå³å¯ã«å®ãããŠããªããã°ãªããªããããããå³æ Œãªèšè¿°ãæ±ããããŸãã
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3. XMLãšHTMLã®å¿çšäŸ
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3.1 XMLã®å ±éå©çšäŸ
XMLïŒeXtensible Markup
LanguageïŒã¯ãããŒã¿ãæ§é åããä¿åã»è»¢éããããã«çšããããŸããåçš®ãœãããŠã§ã¢ãã·ã¹ãã éã§ã®ããŒã¿äº€æã«å€ã䜿ãããŠããŸããããšãã°ãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã·ã¹ãã éã§ã®ããŒã¿ç§»è¡ããWebãµãŒãã¹éã§ã®APIéä¿¡ãªã©ã§æŽ»çšãããŠããŸãã
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3.2 HTMLã®äž»ãªå©çšäŸ
HTMLïŒHyper Text Markup
LanguageïŒã®æãäžè¬çãªå©çšäŸã¯ããã¡ããWebããŒãžã®äœæã§ããWebããŒãžã®åºæ¬çãªæ§é ãäœããããã¹ããç»åãªã©ã®ã³ã³ãã³ããåã蟌ãã ãããªã³ã¯ãäœæããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
å ããŠããã©ãŒã ã®äœæã«ãHTMLãå©çšãããŸãããŠãŒã¶ãŒããã®å ¥åãåãä»ãããã®æ å ±ããµãŒããŒã«éä¿¡ããéã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
ãã®ä»ãHTMLã¯ã¡ãŒã«ã®æ¬æäœæãªã©ãWeb以å€ã®é åã§ãå©çšãããŸãã
3.3 XMLãšHTMLã®å ±åå Žé¢
XMLãšHTMLãé »ç¹ã«å ±åããå Žé¢ã¯ãWebæè¡ã®é åã§ããWebããŒãžã®ã³ã³ãã³ããåçã«çæããããã«HTMLãšäœµããŠXMLã掻çšããŸããXMLãããŒã¿ãæäŸããHTMLããã®ããŒã¿ãããšã«ããŒãžãæ§ç¯ããŸãã
ãŸããAjaxãšããæè¡ã«ãããŠãXMLãšHTMLãå ±åããŸããAjaxãšã¯ãããŒãžããªããŒãããã«ãµãŒããŒãšããŒã¿ã®ããåããè¡ãæè¡ã§ãã
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3.4 XMLãšHTMLãé©åã«éžæãããã€ã³ã
XMLãšHTMLã®é©åãªéžæãããããã®ãã€ã³ãã¯ãããããã®ç¹æ§ãšç®çãç解ããããšã§ãã
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4. XMLãšHTMLã®æäœæ¹æ³
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4.1 XMLã®åºæ¬çãªæžãæ¹ãšã«ãŒã«
XMLã¯ãããŒã¿ã以åãããå¹ççã«å±ããããã«èšèšãããããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã§ããXMLã¯èªå·±èšè¿°çã§ããã®ã¿ã°ã¯èªåçã«äœæãããŸãã
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4.2 HTMLã®åºæ¬çãªäœææ³
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HTMLã¯ç¹å®ã®å Žæã«ã¿ã°ãé 眮ããããšã§ãããã¹ãã匷調ããããç»åãè¿œå ãããããªã³ã¯ãäœæãããããŸããHTMLã¯èŠèŠçãªè¡šç€ºãéèŠããããã®ã¬ã€ã¢ãŠãããã¶ã€ã³ã«äžåœ¹è²·ã£ãŠããŸãã
HTMLã§éèŠãªã®ã¯ããã䜿ãããããã€ãã®ã¿ã°ïŒèŠåºãã段èœãç»åçïŒãç解ããããããã©ã®ããã«äœ¿ãããåŠã¶ããšã§ãããããŠããããã®ã¿ã°ãéå§ã¿ã°ãšçµäºã¿ã°ã§å²ãŸããç¯å²ã«é©çšãããŸãã
4.3 XMLããHTMLãžã®å€æ
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4.4 HTMLããXMLãžã®å€æ
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5. XMLãšHTMLã®å°æ¥æ§
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5.1 XMLã®ãã¬ã³ã
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