1. C#ãšã¯
C#ïŒã·ãŒã·ã£ãŒããšèªãïŒã¯ãçŸä»£ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã®äžã§ãéåžžã«äººæ°ããããå€ãã®éçºè ã«æ¯æãããŠããèšèªã®äžã€ã§ãããããããã®èšèªãã©ã®ããã«ããŠçãŸããã©ã®ãããªç¹åŸŽãå©ç¹ãæã£ãŠããã®ãããããŠã©ã®ãããªå Žé¢ã§äœ¿çšãããã®ããç解ããããšã¯ãC#ãåŠã¶äžã§éåžžã«éèŠã§ãã
1.1. C#ã®èµ·æºãšèæ¯
C#ã¯ãMicrosoftã«ãã£ãŠéçºãããããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ã2000幎代åé ã«å ¬éãããŸãããC#ã¯ãJavaãC++ãªã©ã®èšèªãšäŒŒãææ³ãæã£ãŠããããããã®èšèªã«æ £ããŠãã人ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯åŠã³ãããèšèªãšãªã£ãŠããŸããC#ã¯ã.NETãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšãããã©ãããã©ãŒã äžã§åäœãããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã®çµã¿åããã«ãã£ãŠãé«åºŠãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºãå¯èœãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
1.2. C#ã®ç¹åŸŽãšå©ç¹
C#ã¯ããªããžã§ã¯ãæåã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ãããã¯ã©ã¹ããªããžã§ã¯ãã䜿çšããŠã³ãŒããæ§é åããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãããåå©çšæ§ãæ¡åŒµæ§ã®é«ãã³ãŒããæžãããšãã§ããã®ã§ãããŸããC#ã¯åå®å šãªèšèªã§ãããã³ã³ãã€ã«æã«å€ãã®ãšã©ãŒãæ€åºããããšãã§ããããããã°ã®å°ãªãã³ãŒããæžãããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãC#ã¯ã¡ã¢ãªç®¡çãã¬ããŒãžã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãšãã£ãæ©èœãæã£ãŠãããéçºè ã¯ã¡ã¢ãªã®ç®¡çã«é¢ããæéããããããšãªããå¹ççãªã³ãŒããæžãããšãã§ããŸãã
1.3. C#ã®çšéãšå¿çšäŸ
C#ã¯ããã®æè»æ§ãšåŒ·åãªæ©èœã®ãããããŸããŸãªçšéã§äœ¿çšãããŠããŸããäŸãã°ããŠã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«ã¯ASP.NETãšãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãããã¹ã¯ãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«ã¯Windows FormsãWPFãšãã£ãæè¡ã䜿çšãããŸãããŸããC#ã¯ã²ãŒã éçºã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã§ããUnityã§ã䜿çšãããŠãããå€ãã®ã²ãŒã ãC#ã§éçºãããŠããŸãããããã®äŸããããC#ãã©ãã ãå€æ§ãªå Žé¢ã§æŽ»èºããŠããããããããŸãã
2. C#ã®åºæ¬ææ³
C#ã¯ããã®åŒ·åãªæ©èœãšæè»æ§ããå€ãã®éçºè ã«æãããŠããŸããããã®èåŸã«ã¯ãã£ãããšããåºæ¬ææ³ãååšããŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãC#ã®ææ³ã®åºç€ãšãªãèŠçŽ ãããããããã解説ããŸãã
2.1. å€æ°ãšããŒã¿å
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã«ãããŠãå€æ°ã¯ããŒã¿ãäžæçã«ä¿åããããã®å®¹åšã®ãããªãã®ã§ããC#ã§ã¯ãå€æ°ã䜿çšããåã«ãã®åã宣èšããå¿ èŠããããŸããäŸãã°ãæŽæ°ãä¿åããããã®å€æ°ã¯ãintããšããããŒã¿åã䜿çšããŸãããŸããæååãä¿åããããã®å€æ°ã¯ãstringããšããããŒã¿åã䜿çšããŸããããã«ãããC#ã¯åå®å šãªèšèªãšããŠãäºæããªããšã©ãŒãé²ãããšãã§ããŸãã
2.2. æŒç®åãšåŒ
C#ã«ã¯ãæ°åŠçãªèšç®ãæ¡ä»¶å€å®ãªã©ãè¡ãããã®ããŸããŸãªæŒç®åãçšæãããŠããŸããäŸãã°ãå ç®ãæžç®ãè¡ãããã®ã+ããã-ããæ¡ä»¶ã®çåœãå€å®ããããã®ã==ããã!=ããªã©ããããŸãããããã®æŒç®åã䜿çšããŠãå€æ°ãå€ãçµã¿åãããŠåŒãäœæããããšãã§ããŸããåŒã¯ãããã°ã©ã ã®äžã§èšç®ãå€å®ãè¡ãããã®åºæ¬çãªèŠçŽ ãšãªããŸãã
2.3. å¶åŸ¡æ§é ãšã«ãŒã
ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãäžããäžãžãšé çªã«åœä»€ãå®è¡ãããŸãããç¹å®ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã§åœä»€ãå®è¡ããããåãåœä»€ãç¹°ãè¿ãå®è¡ãããããããã®æ§é ãå¿ èŠã§ãããããå®çŸããããã®ãã®ããå¶åŸ¡æ§é ãšã«ãŒãã§ããäŸãã°ããifãããswitchãã¯æ¡ä»¶ã«å¿ããŠç°ãªãåœä»€ãå®è¡ããå¶åŸ¡æ§é ãæäŸãããforãããwhileãã¯ç¹å®ã®æ¡ä»¶ãæºããããŠããéãåœä»€ãç¹°ãè¿ãå®è¡ããã«ãŒããæäŸããŸãã
3. C#ã§ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åºæ¬
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®äžçã«ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå¹ççã«å®è¡ããããã®å€ãã®æŠå¿µãããŒã«ãååšããŸããC#ãäŸå€ã§ã¯ãããŸããããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãC#ã§ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åºæ¬çãªæŠå¿µã«ã€ããŠããããããã解説ããŸãã
3.1. ã¡ãœãããšé¢æ°
ã¡ãœããã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå®è¡ããããã®ã³ãŒãã®ãŸãšãŸããæããŸããC#ã§ã¯ãã¡ãœããã¯ã¯ã©ã¹ã®äžã«å®çŸ©ããããªããžã§ã¯ããéããŠåŒã³åºãããŸããäžæ¹ãé¢æ°ã¯ãäœããã®å€ãè¿ãã¡ãœãããæãããšãå€ãã§ããã¡ãœãããé¢æ°ã䜿çšããããšã§ãã³ãŒãã®åå©çšæ§ãé«ããããšãã§ããããã°ã©ã ã®æ§é ãæŽçããããšãã§ããŸãã
3.2. ã¯ã©ã¹ãšãªããžã§ã¯ã
C#ã¯ããªããžã§ã¯ãæåããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®èšèªã§ããããã®äžå¿ã«ããã®ãã¯ã©ã¹ãšãªããžã§ã¯ãã§ããã¯ã©ã¹ã¯ããªããžã§ã¯ãã®èšèšå³ã®ãããªãã®ã§ããªããžã§ã¯ãã®å±æ§ãæ¯ãèããå®çŸ©ããŸãããªããžã§ã¯ãã¯ãã¯ã©ã¹ãå ã«çæãããå®äœã§ãå®éã®ããã°ã©ã ã®äžã§æäœããããã®ã§ãããã®ã¯ã©ã¹ãšãªããžã§ã¯ãã®æŠå¿µãç解ããããšã¯ãC#ã§ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åºæ¬ãšãªããŸãã
3.3. äŸå€åŠçã®åºæ¬
ããã°ã©ã ã¯åžžã«é 調ã«åäœãããšã¯éããŸãããæã«ã¯ãšã©ãŒãäºæããªãç¶æ³ãçºçããããšããããŸãããã®ãããªç¶æ³ãå¹æçã«åŠçããããã®ä»çµã¿ããäŸå€åŠçã§ããC#ã§ã¯ããtry-catchãæ§æã䜿çšããŠããšã©ãŒãçºçããéã®åŠçãå®çŸ©ããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãããããã°ã©ã ãçªç¶çµäºããããšãªããé©åãªãšã©ãŒã¡ãã»ãŒãžã衚瀺ãããªã©ã®å¯Ÿå¿ãåãããšãã§ããŸãã
äžèšã®æç« ã¯ãC#ã§ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åºæ¬ã«é¢ããåºæ¬çãªæ å ±ããããããããäŒããããšãç®çãšããŠããŸãããŸããHTMLã¿ã°ã䜿çšããŠãéèŠãªãã€ã³ãã匷調ããŠããŸãããã®ãããªåœ¢åŒã§ãæ®ãã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãäœæããããšãã§ããŸãã
4. C#ã®å®çšäŸ
C#ã¯ãã®å€æ§æ§ãšåŒ·åãªæ©èœãããããŸããŸãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«äœ¿çšãããŠããŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãC#ã䜿çšããäž»ãªå®çšäŸã«ã€ããŠãå ·äœçã«è§£èª¬ããŸãã
4.1. ãŠã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçº
ASP.NETã¯ãC#ã䜿çšããŠãŠã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéçºããããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ãããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã䜿çšããããšã§ãåçãªãŠã§ãããŒãžãAPIããããŠãªãããªãŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãæã€ãŠã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå¹ççã«éçºããããšãã§ããŸãããŸããASP.NET Coreãšãã軜éãªããŒãžã§ã³ãååšããã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã®ãŠã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºããµããŒãããŠããŸãã
4.2. ãã¹ã¯ãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®äœæ
C#ã¯ãWindows FormsãWPF(Windows Presentation Foundation)ãšãã£ãæè¡ã䜿çšããŠããã¹ã¯ãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéçºããããšãã§ããŸãããããã®æè¡ã䜿çšããããšã§ããªãããªãŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãé«åºŠãªã°ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¹æ©èœãæã€ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãäœæããããšãã§ããŸããç¹ã«WPFã¯ãXAMLãšããããŒã¯ã¢ããèšèªã䜿çšããŠããã¶ã€ã³ãšããžãã¯ãåé¢ããããšãã§ããããããã¶ã€ããŒãšéçºè ãååããŠå¹ççã«ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéçºããããšãã§ããŸãã
4.3. ã¢ãã€ã«ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçº
C#ã䜿çšããŠã¢ãã€ã«ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéçºããããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšããŠãXamarinããããŸããXamarinã䜿çšããããšã§ãiOSãAndroidãWindowsãªã©ã®è€æ°ã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã åãã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããäžã€ã®ã³ãŒãããŒã¹ããéçºããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãããéçºæéã®ççž®ãã³ãŒãã®åå©çšæ§ã®åäžãæåŸ ã§ããŸãã
5. C#ã®å¿çš
C#ã¯åºæ¬çãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã ãã§ãªããããŸããŸãªå¿çšåéã§ã®äœ¿çšãå¯èœã§ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãC#ãããã«æ·±ãç解ããããé«åºŠãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãè¡ãããã®ãã¯ããã¯ãããŒã«ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãã
5.1. ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšã®é£æº
å€ãã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšã®é£æºãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããC#ã§ã¯ãEntity FrameworkãADO.NETãšãã£ãã©ã€ãã©ãªã䜿çšããŠãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšã®ããåããå¹ççã«è¡ãããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãããããŒã¿ã®ååŸãæŽæ°ãåé€ãªã©ã®æäœããç°¡æœãã€å®å šã«å®è¡ããããšãã§ããŸãã
5.2. å€éšã©ã€ãã©ãªãšã®çµ±å
C#ã®åŒ·åãªãšã³ã·ã¹ãã ã®äžã§ãå€ãã®å€éšã©ã€ãã©ãªãããŒã«ãæäŸãããŠããŸãããããã®ã©ã€ãã©ãªã䜿çšããããšã§ãã°ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¹ã®æç»ãæ°å€èšç®ãããã¹ãåŠçãªã©ãç¹å®ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå¹ççã«å®è¡ããããšãã§ããŸãããŸããNuGetãšããããã±ãŒãžãããŒãžã£ã䜿çšããããšã§ãå¿ èŠãªã©ã€ãã©ãªãç°¡åã«ãããžã§ã¯ãã«è¿œå ããããšãã§ããŸãã
5.3. é«åºŠãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãã¯ããã¯
C#ã«ã¯ãLINQãéåæããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãšãã£ãé«åºŠãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãã¯ããã¯ããµããŒããããŠããŸããLINQã䜿çšããããšã§ãããŒã¿ã®ã¯ãšãªãæäœãçŽæçã«è¡ãããšãã§ããŸããéåæããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã䜿çšããããšã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãåäžãããããšãã§ããŸãããããã®ãã¯ããã¯ãç解ããé©åã«äœ¿çšããããšã§ãããé«å質ãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéçºããããšãã§ããŸãã
6. C#ã®åŠç¿ãªãœãŒã¹
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãåŠã¶éãé©åãªãªãœãŒã¹ãç¥ã£ãŠããããšã¯éåžžã«éèŠã§ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãC#ãåŠã¶ããã®ããããã®ãªãœãŒã¹ããå®è·µçãªãããžã§ã¯ãã®ã¢ã€ãã£ã¢ããµããŒããåããããã³ãã¥ããã£ã«ã€ããŠçŽ¹ä»ããŸãã
6.1. ããããã®æžç±ãšãŠã§ããµã€ã
å€ãã®åªããC#ã®æžç±ããŠã§ããµã€ããååšããŸããç¹ã«åå¿è ã«ããããã®æžç±ãšããŠã¯ã”C#å ¥é“ã”C#ãããã§ãã·ã§ãã«ããã°ã©ãã³ã°“ãªã©ããããŸãããŸãããŠã§ããµã€ããšããŠã¯ãMicrosoftã®å ¬åŒããã¥ã¡ã³ãããStack Overflowã§ã®C#ã¿ã°ãæã€è³ªåã»åçã¯éåžžã«åèã«ãªããŸãã
6.2. å®è·µçãªãããžã§ã¯ãã®ã¢ã€ãã£ã¢
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åŠç¿ã«ã¯ãå®éã«æãåãããŠãããžã§ã¯ããäœæããããšãéåžžã«å¹æçã§ããC#ã䜿çšããŠãã·ã³ãã«ãªã²ãŒã ã®éçºããå人çãªãŠã§ããµã€ãã®æ§ç¯ãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã䜿çšããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®äœæãªã©ãããŸããŸãªãããžã§ã¯ãã«ææŠããããšãã§ããŸãã
6.3. ã³ãã¥ããã£ãšãµããŒã
C#ã®åŠç¿ãé²ããäžã§ãçåãå°é£ã«çŽé¢ããããšã¯é¿ããããŸããããããªæãC#ã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ãµããŒããåããããšãã§ããŸããå€ãã®ãã©ãŒã©ã ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã°ã«ãŒããååšããçµéšè±å¯ãªéçºè ãã¡ãã¢ããã€ã¹ããµããŒããæäŸããŠããŸãããŸããGitHubäžã«ã¯å€ãã®C#ãããžã§ã¯ããå ¬éãããŠãããå®éã®ã³ãŒããåèã«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
7. ãŸãšã
ãã®èšäºãéããŠãC#ã®åºæ¬ããå¿çšãŸã§ã®å€å²ã«ãããæ å ±ãåŠã¶ããšãã§ããŸãããæåŸã«ãC#ã®åŒ·ã¿ãä»åŸã®å±æãåŠç¿ã®éèŠæ§ã«ã€ããŠç°¡æœã«ãŸãšããŸãã
7.1. C#ã®åŒ·ã¿ãšä»åŸã®å±æ
C#ã¯ãMicrosoftãéçºããã¢ãã³ãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ããããã®åŒ·åãªæ©èœãæè»æ§ããå€ãã®éçºè ã«æ¯æãããŠããŸããç¹ã«ã.NET Frameworkã.NET Coreãšã®çµ±åã«ãããã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºã容æã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããä»åŸããC#ã¯ã¯ã©ãŠãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãAIæè¡ã®åéã§ã®å©çšãæ¡å€§ãããšäºæ³ãããŸãã
7.2. C#ã®åŠç¿ã®éèŠæ§
æ å ±æè¡ã®äžçã¯æ¥ã é²åããŠãããæ°ããæè¡ãèšèªã次ã ãšç»å ŽããŠããŸããããããC#ã¯ãã®å å®ãªæ§èœãšå¹ åºãå¿çšç¯å²ãããé·ãæããç¶ããèšèªã§ãããšèšããŸããC#ãåŠã¶ããšã¯ãçŸä»£ã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã®çŸå Žã§ã®ç«¶äºåãé«ããããã®éµãšãªãã§ããããåå¿è ããçµéšè ãŸã§ãC#ã®åŠç¿ã¯ä»åŸã®ãã£ãªã¢ã«ãããŠå€§ããªã¢ããã³ããŒãžãšãªããŸãã