1. ã¯ããã«ïŒDAOïŒåæ£åèªç«çµç¹ïŒãšã¯
è¿å¹Žããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æè¡ãããããæ°ããªçµç¹åœ¢æ ãšããŠæ³šç®ãéããŠããã®ããDAOïŒDecentralized Autonomous OrganizationsïŒããªãã¡åæ£åèªç«çµç¹ã§ãã
ããã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®äžå¿çãªæš©åãæ¯é ãæã€çµç¹ãšã¯äžç·ãç»ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããéããŠå šäžçã®äººã ãå ±åã§çµç¹ãéå¶ããæ°ãã圢æ ãæããŸãã
1.1 DAOã®åºæ¬çãªæŠå¿µ
DAOãšã¯ããã®ååã瀺ãéããäžå€®ã®ç®¡çè ãçµç¹äœãªãããŠãååå è ã®åæã«åºã¥ããŠèªåçã«éå¶ãããçµç¹ã®ããšãèšããŸãã
ãã®éå¶ã«ã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšåŒã°ããåæ£åããŒã¿ããŒã¹æè¡ãšã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ããšããã³ãŒãã«ããèªåå®è¡å¥çŽãé§äœ¿ãããŠããŸãã
äŸãã°ãããäŒæ¥ã®çµå¶ã«ã€ããŠæ±ºå®ãäžããšããåŸæ¥ã¯æ ªäž»ç·äŒãåç· åœ¹äŒãšãã£ãå Žã§åºåžè ãåºè³è ã®å€æ°æ±ºã«ãã決å®ãè¡ãããŠããŸããã
ãããDAOã§ã¯ãæ祚暩ãããžã¿ã«ããŒã¯ã³ãšãã圢ã§ä¿æããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããäžã§ååå è ãæ祚ãè¡ãããšã§ææ決å®ãé²è¡ããŸãããã®æ祚ã®çµæã¯ã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãã«ããèªåçã«åæ ãããããã«åºã¥ããŠçµç¹ã®éå¶ãè¡ãããŸãã
1.2 DAOãå¿ èŠãšãããçç±
ãã®ãããªDAOãå¿ èŠãšãããèæ¯ã«ã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®çµç¹ã®éçãšæ°ããªå¯èœæ§ã®è¿œæ±ããããŸãã
äŸãã°ãäžè¬çãªäŒæ¥çµç¹ã§ã¯ãäžå±€éšã®ææ決å®ãçµç¹å šäœã«åæ ãããããšãå€ãã§ãããããã¯å šå¡ã®æèŠãåæ ãããŠããããã§ã¯ãããŸãããç¹å®ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã®æå¿ãåªå ãããä»ã®æèŠãæå§ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ããããDAOã§ã¯æ祚ã«ããææ決å®ãè¡ããããããåå è å šå¡ã®æèŠãåæ ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããŸãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æè¡ã®
ç¹æ§äžãæ祚çµæã®æ¹ããã¯å°é£ã§ãããéææ§ãšå ¬æ£æ§ã確ä¿ãããŸããããã«ãããåå è å šå¡ãå ¬å¹³ã«çµç¹éå¶ã«é¢äžã§ãããšããæ°ããçµç¹åœ¢æ ãå®çŸããŸãã
ãŸããäžå€®éæš©çãªçµç¹ã¯ã決å®è ãééã£ãå€æãäžããšçµç¹å šäœããã®åœ±é¿ãåããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããããããDAOã¯åæ£åã§ãããããäžéšã®èª€ã£ã決å®ãçµç¹å šäœã«åºãããªã¹ã¯ãæããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãã®ããã«ãDAOã¯æ°ããªçµç¹åœ¢æ ãšããŠæ³šç®ã济ã³ãŠããããã®å¯èœæ§ãšèª²é¡ãç解ããããšã§ã次äžä»£ã®çµç¹éå¶ãèŠæ®ããèŠç¹ãåŸãããã§ãããã
2. DAOã®æŽå²ãšçºå±
DAOã®æŽå²ã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æè¡ãç¹ã«ãããã³ã€ã³ã®ç»å Žãšå ±ã«å§ãŸããŸãã
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ãäžå€®ã®ç®¡çè ãå¿ èŠãšããã«ããŒã¿ãåæ£çã«ç®¡çããæè¡ã§ããããããDAOã®åºç€ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšDAOã®é¢ä¿ãæãäžãã€ã€ã泚ç®ãããDAOã®äºäŸãéããŠãã®çºå±ãç解ããŠãããŸãããã
2.1 ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšDAOã®é¢ä¿
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æè¡ã¯ããããã³ã€ã³ãšããããžã¿ã«é貚ãçã¿åºãããã®åºç€ãšããŠéçºãããŸããããã®æ倧ã®ç¹åŸŽã¯ãäžå€®ã®ç®¡çè ãªãããŠå šãŠã®ååŒå±¥æŽã確èªã§ããæ¹ãããå°é£ã§ããç¹ã§ãããã®æè¡ãããããããŒã¿ã®éææ§ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ã¯ãæ°ããªçµç¹åœ¢æ ã§ããDAOãå¯èœã«ããŸããã
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ã¯ãå ¬éåããšãèš±å¯åãã®äºã€ã®çš®é¡ããããŸãã
å
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šãŠã®ååŒå±¥æŽãé²èŠ§ããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
äžæ¹ã§ãèš±å¯åãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ç¹å®ã®ã¡ã³ããŒã®ã¿ãåå ã§ããååŒå±¥æŽããã®ã¡ã³ããŒã®ã¿ãé²èŠ§ã§ããŸããDAOã¯äž»ã«å
¬éåãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³äžã§æ§ç¯ããã誰ã§ãåå ã§ããéææ§ã確ä¿ããŠããŸãã
2.2 泚ç®ãããDAOã®äºäŸ
ããã§ãå ·äœçãªDAOã®äºäŸãããã€ã玹ä»ããŸããããããã®äºäŸã¯ãDAOã®éçšã®ç¹åŸŽãå¯èœæ§ã瀺ããŠããŸãã
ãŸããæåã®å€§èŠæš¡DAOã§ãã”The DAO”ãæããŠã¿ãŸãããã2016幎ã«åµèšããããã®DAOã¯ãäžçäžã®äººã ããçŽ1å5000äžãã«ã®è³éã調éããŸããã
ããããã³ãŒãã«ååšããè匱æ§ãæ»æè ã«å©çšããã倧éã®è³éãçãŸãããšããäºä»¶ãçºçããŸããããã®äºä»¶ã¯ãDAOãæ±ããã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãªã¹ã¯ãå šäžçã«ç€ºããã®ãšãªããŸããã
次ã«ãMakerDAOãèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããã
MakerDAOã¯ãããžã¿ã«é貚ãDAIããçºè¡ãããã®äŸ¡å€ãå®å®ãããããã®ä»çµã¿ãæäŸããDAOã§ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯èªãã®è³ç£ãæ ä¿ã«ããŠDAIãçºè¡ããå©æ¯ãæ¯æãããšã§ãã®æµéãä¿é²ããŸãããã®DAOã¯ãããžã¿ã«é貚ã®äŸ¡å€å®å®ãšãã課é¡ã«å¯Ÿãã解決çãæäŸããŠããããã®æçšæ§ãåºãèªèãããŠããŸãã
æåŸã«ãUniswapãšããDAOã玹ä»ããŸããUniswapã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒãããžã¿ã«é貚ã®äº€æãè¡ããåæ£åååŒæãæäŸããDAOã§ããäŒçµ±çãªååŒæãšç°ãªããUniswapã¯äžå€®ã®ç®¡çè ãå¿ èŠãšããããŠãŒã¶ãŒèªèº«ãæµåæ§ãæäŸããããšã§ååŒãå¯èœã«ããŠããŸãããã®é©æ°çãªæ§é ã¯ãéèæ¥çã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãäžããŠããŸãã
ãããã®äºäŸãéããŠãDAOã¯æ§ã ãªåéã§å®çšåããããããããç°ãªã䟡å€ãæäŸããŠããããšãããããŸãããããããããã¯ãŸã æ°ããæè¡ã§ããããã®éçšã«ã¯å€ãã®èª²é¡ãååšããŸãããããã®ç解ãæ·±ããŠããããšããDAOã®æªæ¥ãç解ããéµãšãªãã§ãããã
3. DAOã®ä»çµã¿ïŒç解ãããã解説
DAOã®ä»çµã¿ãç解ããããã«ã¯ãã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ããšããŒã¯ã³ãšãã2ã€ã®éèŠãªèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠç¥ãå¿ èŠããããŸãããããã®èŠçŽ ãã©ã®ããã«é£æºããŠDAOãæ§æãããã®ææ決å®ããã»ã¹ãå®çŸããŠããã®ãã解説ããŠãããŸãã
3.1 ã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ããšã¯
ã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãã¯ãããã°ã©ã ã«ãã£ãŠèªååãããå¥çŽã®äžçš®ã§ãã
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DAOã§ã¯ãã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ããçµç¹ã®ã«ãŒã«ãã³ãŒãåãããã®éçšãèªååããŸãã
ããšãã°ãæ祚ã®çµæãèªåçã«åæ ããããè³éã®é
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3.2 ããŒã¯ã³ãšã¯
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DAOã§ã¯ãããŒã¯ã³ãæ祚暩ãæææš©ãè¡šãå ŽåããããŸãã
çµç¹ã®åå è ã¯ããŒã¯ã³ãæã€ããšã§æ祚ã«åå ã§ãããã®çµæãã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãã«ãã£ãŠèªåçã«åæ ãããŸãããŸããå©çãçºçããå Žåããã®é åã¯ããŒã¯ã³ã®ä¿æéã«å¿ããŠè¡ãããããšãå€ãã§ãã
3.3 DAOã®ææ決å®ããã»ã¹
DAOã®ææ決å®ããã»ã¹ã¯ãã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ããšããŒã¯ã³ãå¯æ¥ã«é£æºããŠè¡ãããŸãã以äžã«ãäžè¬çãªããã»ã¹ã説æããŸãã
ãŸããææ¡ãçµç¹å ã§è¡ãããŸããããã¯æ°ããªãããžã§ã¯ãã®ç«ã¡äžãããæ¢åã®ã«ãŒã«ã®å€æŽãªã©ãããŸããŸãªåœ¢ã§è¡ãããŸãã
次ã«ããã®ææ¡ã«å¯Ÿããæ祚ãéå§ãããŸããæ祚ã¯ããŒã¯ã³ä¿æè
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4. DAOã®å©ç¹ãšéç
DAOã¯æ°ããçµç¹åœ¢æ ãšããŠæ³šç®ãããŠããŸããããã®ã¡ãªãããšåæã«ãäžéšã§ææãããŠãããã¡ãªããã課é¡ãååšããŸãã
ããã§ã¯ãããããã解説ããŠãããŸãã
4.1 DAOã®ã¡ãªãã
ãŸãäžã€ç®ã®ã¡ãªãããšããŠãDAOã®æ倧ã®ç¹é·ã§ãããåæ£åãããããŸãã
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4.2 DAOã®ãã¡ãªãããšèª²é¡
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äžã€ç®ã®ãã¡ãªãããšããŠãèŠå¶ãšæ³çãªèª²é¡ããããŸãã
DAOã¯ãŸã æ°ãã圢æ
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DAOãžã®åå ãæäœã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãã«é¢ããäžå®ã®ç解ãå¿
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以äžã®ããã«ãDAOã¯æ§ã ãªã¡ãªãããæã¡ã€ã€ãããŸã 解決ãã¹ã課é¡ãæ±ããŠããŸãããããããã®æ°ããçµç¹åœ¢æ ãšããŠã®å¯èœæ§ã¯ããããããå€ãã®æ³šç®ãéããããšã§ãããã
5. DAOã®æŽ»çšæ¹æ³ãšå¯èœæ§
DAOã®ç»å Žã«ãããããžãã¹ã瀟äŒã«å€å€§ãªåœ±é¿ãåãŒãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããããã§ã¯ãDAOã®å ·äœçãªæŽ»çšæ¹æ³ããã®æªæ¥ã«ã€ããŠèããŠã¿ãŸãããã
5.1 DAOã«ããããžãã¹ã®é²å
DAOã¯ãå€ãã®ç£æ¥ã«æ°ããªäŸ¡å€ãããããå¯èœæ§ãç§ããŠããŸãã
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DAOã¯ã瀟äŒå
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6. DAOã«åå ããããã®ã¹ããã
DAOã«é
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6.1 å¿ èŠãªã¹ãã«ãšç¥è
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6.2 DAOãžã®åå æ¹æ³
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7.1 DAOãžã®ç解ãæ·±ããããã«
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7.2 DAOã®æŽ»çšã®äžæ©ç®
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