1. ã¯ããã«
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã«ãããŠãå¹ççã§å¯èªæ§ã®é«ãã³ãŒããæžãããã«ã¯ãè¯è³ªãªããŒã«ãšæè¡ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããããã§ä»åãæ°æ代ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ããJuliaãšããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ã€ããŠæ·±ãæãäžããŠã¿ãŸãããã
1.1 Juliaãšã¯
Juliaã¯ãé«ã¬ãã«ã§é«æ§èœãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ããæ°å€èšç®ãç§åŠèšç®ãå§ããšãããå¹ åºãçšéã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠããŸããJuliaã¯ãCãPythonã®ãããªèšèªãæäŸããæ©èœæ§ãšãçµèŸŒã¿èšèªã®ãããªé«éæ§ãå ŒãåããŠããŸãããã®ãããJuliaã䜿ãã°ãã³ãŒãã®å¯èªæ§ãšããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã®äž¡æ¹ã確ä¿ããããšãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãã
1.2 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã¯
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã«ããããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã¯ãç¹å®ã®åé¡ã解決ããããã®æºåæžã¿ã®ãæ çµã¿ããæããŸãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªäžã§åäœããäžè¬çãªã¿ã¹ã¯ã®å®è¡ããã容æã«ããããå¹ççã«ãã圹å²ãæãããŸãããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ã¯ããŸããŸãªçš®é¡ãååšããç®çã䜿çšããèšèªãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¿ã€ãã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãéžã°ããŸãã
å šäœãéããŠããã®èšäºã§ã¯Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®åºæ¬çãªæŠå¿µãçµã¿èŸŒã¿æ©èœã䜿ãæ¹ãªã©ã玹ä»ããŸããããã«ãããã³ãŒãã®éçºãããå¹ççã§æçšã«ãªãããšãæåŸ ããŠããŸãã
2. Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å šäœå
ãã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®å šäœåã«ã€ããŠç解ãæ·±ããŠãããŸããããå ·äœçã«ã¯ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ§é ãç¹åŸŽããããŠã©ããªããšãå®çŸã§ããã®ãã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŠãããŸãã
2.1 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®æ§é
ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãäžé£ã®çžäºäœçšããã³ãŒãã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãšèšããŸããäžå¿çãªåœ¹å²ãæããã®ããããã±ãŒãžãã§ãåå©çšå¯èœãªã³ãŒãã®éãŸãã§ãããç¹å®ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãç°¡æã«è¡ãããã«æŽ»çšãããŸããJuliaã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãæ§ã ãªããã±ãŒãžãçµã¿åãããŠäœãããŠããŸãããããã®ããã±ãŒãžã¯ã䟿å©ãªå·¥å ·ãšããŠæŽ»çšãããããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®å¹çãå€§å¹ ã«åäžãããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
2.2 Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ç¹åŸŽ
Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãé«ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãã€é«æ°Žæºã®æœè±¡åãäž¡ç«ããçŸä»£çãªãã¶ã€ã³ãç¹åŸŽã§ããããã«ããã極ããŠè€éãªèšç®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå¹ççã«åŠçããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã¯ãé »ç¹ã«å©çšãããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãæ°åŒãæšæºããã±ãŒãžãšããŠæäŸãããŠãããéçºè ã¯ãããã®æ©èœãç°¡åã«å©çšã§ããŸãããã®è±å¯ãªããã±ãŒãžã®ãšã³ã·ã¹ãã ããé«åºŠãªåé¡è§£æ±ºãå¯èœã«ããŠããŸãã
2.3 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§è¡ããããš
Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã¯ãæ§ã ãªã¿ã¹ã¯ãå¯èœã§ããããã±ãŒãžãçšããŠãããŒã¿åæãæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ãç»ååŠçããç©çã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãŸã§ãå¹ åºãåé¡ã解決ããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãJuliaã®åçåä»ããšãã¯ããçµã¿åãããããšã«ãããæè»ãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãªå®çŸãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãããããã®ç¹åŸŽãšããã±ãŒãžã®è±å¯ããããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãç§åŠèšç®ãããŠã§ãéçºãçµ±èšåæãŸã§ãå€å²ã«ãããåéã§äœ¿ãããŠããŸãã
3. ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«æ¹æ³
Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã䜿ãåã«å¿ èŠãªæé ã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã解説ããŠãããŸããããéäžã§æè¡çãªèšèãåºãŠããŸããããã¹ãŠãããã«ç解ã§ããªããŠã倧äžå€«ã§ããããããã®æé ãäžå¯§ã«è¿œã£ãŠããã°ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãç¡äºã«ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã§ããã§ãããã
3.1 äºåæºå
ãŸãå§ãã«ãç§ãã¡ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããã«ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã«Juliaèšèªèªäœãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããŠããå¿ èŠããããŸããJuliaèšèªã®ææ°ããŒãžã§ã³ãå ¬åŒãµã€ãããããŠã³ããŒãããæ瀺ã«åŸã£ãŠã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããŠãã ããã
次ã«ãããªãã®OSã«åãããŠãå¿ èŠãªéçºããŒã«ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããŠããããšã確èªããŸãããããã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯Juliaèšèªã詳ããåŠã³ãããŸããŸãªãããžã§ã¯ããäœæããäžã§éèŠãªãã®ã§ãã
ãªããJuliaèªäœã«ã¯äŸåæ§ã®åé¡ããããŸããããç¹å®ã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãããã±ãŒãžãå©çšããéã«ã¯ãããããèŠæ±ããç¹å®ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã«æ³šæããŠãã ãããåãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãããã±ãŒãžã®å ¬åŒããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã確èªããé©åãªããŒãžã§ã³ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããããã«ããŸãããã
3.2 ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã¬ã€ãã©ã€ã³
ãããã®æºåãæŽã£ãããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã«ç§»ããŸããããã§ã¯ã詳现ãªæé ã瀺ããŸãããå ¬åŒããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã«ã¯ææ°ã®æ å ±ãè±å¯ã«æ²èŒãããŠããã®ã§ããããšäœµããŠåç §ããŠãã ããã
1. Juliaã®REPLãéå§ããŸãã 2. Pkgã¢ãŒãã«ç§»è¡ããŸãïŒããŒããŒãã§ã]ããæŒããŸãïŒã 3. ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®è¿œå ã³ãã³ããå ¥åããŸããïŒäŸïŒadd FrameworkNameïŒã 4. ããã§ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããã䜿çšå¯èœã«ãªããŸãã
以äžãåºæ¬çãªã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«æé ãšãªããŸãããå®éã«ã¯å ·äœçãªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ååãå¿ èŠã§ããJuliaã«ã¯å€ãã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãååšããŸãã®ã§ã䜿çšããããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ååã確èªããäžèšã®ãFrameworkNameãã®éšåã«çœ®ãæããŠã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŠãã ããã
ãªããJuliaã³ãã¥ããã£ã§ã¯æ§ã ãªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãéçºãããŠãããç¹å®ã®ç®çã«åãããæé©ãªãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãååšããŸããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãããããã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ç¹æ§ãç解ããçšéã«åã£ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãéžæããããšã倧åã§ãã
ãããŠãªã«ãããæé ã確å®ã«å®è¡ããããšãéèŠã§ãããšã©ãŒã¡ãã»ãŒãžã«æ ãŠãããšãªããæé ãéäžç¢ºèªããªããé²ããã°ãå¿ ãæåããã¯ãã§ãããããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®åŠç¿ã®æ è·¯ãå§ããŠã¿ãŸãããïŒ
4. ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®äœ¿ãæ¹
ããã§ã¯ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãçšããåºæ¬çãªã³ãŒãã®æžãæ¹ãããŒã¿æ§é ãšãã®æäœæ¹æ³ãããã«ã¯äžè¬çãªé¢æ°ã®çŽ¹ä»ãšäœ¿çšæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãããããã®ç¥èãæãããšã§ãããå¹ççã«Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãé©çšãããã®å¯èœæ§ãæ倧éã«åŒãåºãããšãã§ããŸãã
4.1 åºæ¬çãªã³ãŒãã®æžãæ¹
ãŸãã¯ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã®åºæ¬çãªã³ãŒãã®æžãæ¹ã«ã€ããŠã玹ä»ããŸããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã¯ãç¬èªã®æ¢ææ³ãååšããŸããããã®ææ³ã¯çŽæçã§ã·ã³ãã«ã§ããäŸãã°ãå€æ°ãå®çŸ©ããéã¯ä»¥äžã®ããã«æžããŸãã
var = 10
äžèšã®ã³ãŒãã¯ãvarãšããå€æ°ã«å€10ãä»£å ¥ããŠããŸããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã¯åçåä»ãèšèªã§ãããããå€æ°ã®åãæ瀺çã«å®çŸ©ããå¿ èŠã¯ãããŸããã
4.2 ããŒã¿æ§é ãšæäœ
Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ã¯æ§ã ãªããŒã¿æ§é ãååšããŸããããã®äžã§ãæããã䜿ãããã®ãé åã§ããé åãå®çŸ©ããã«ã¯ä»¥äžã®ããã«è¡ããŸãã
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
äžèšã®ã³ãŒãã¯ã1ãã5ãŸã§ã®æŽæ°ãå ¥ã£ãé åãäœæããŠããŸããé åã®èŠçŽ ãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã¯0ã§ã¯ãªã1ããå§ãŸããŸãããŸããåèŠçŽ ã®æäœã容æã§ãäŸãã°ç¹å®ã®èŠçŽ ãååŸãããå Žåã¯ã以äžã®ããã«èšè¿°ããŸãã
element = arr[2] # ããã§é åã®2çªç®ã®èŠçŽ ãååŸã§ãã
4.3 é¢æ°ã®çŽ¹ä»ãšäœ¿çšæ³
Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã¯ãç¬èªã®é¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ããããšãå¯èœã§ããé¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ããéã®åºæ¬çãªèšè¿°æ¹æ³ã¯ä»¥äžã®éãã§ãã
function functionName(arg) # function body end
äžèšã®ã³ãŒãã¯ã”functionName”ãšããååã®é¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ããåŒæ°ã”arg”ãšããŠããŸããé¢æ°ã®å éšã§ã¯ãåŠçã®èšè¿°ãè¡ããŸããé¢æ°ã¯åå©çšå¯èœã§ãããäžåºŠå®çŸ©ããã°äœåºŠã§ãåŒã³åºãããšãå¯èœã§ãã
5. ããã°ã©ã ã®äœæäŸ
ãããŸã§ã«èª¬æããŠããå 容ãå ·äœåããããã«ããžã¥ãªã¢ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã䜿ã£ãç°¡åãªããã°ã©ã ã®äœæãšãã®çµæãèŠãŠã¿ãŸããããããã°ã©ã ã¯ç°¡åãªæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ã¢ãã«ã®æ§ç¯ãšãã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãèšæž¬ãããšãããã®ã§ãã
5.1 ãµã³ãã«ããã°ã©ã ã®æŠèŠ
ããã§ã¯ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®MLJ.jlãšããæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ã©ã€ãã©ãªãçšããŠãç·åœ¢ååž°ã¢ãã«ãäœæãããã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãè©äŸ¡ããŸãããŸãããã®éçšã§ããŒã¿ã®ååŠçãã¢ãã«ã®èšå®ãèšç·ŽããããŠè©äŸ¡ãŸã§ãè¡ãããã°ã©ã ãäœæããŸãã
5.2 å®éã®ããã°ã©ã ã³ãŒã
using MLJ using CSV using DataFrames # ããŒã¿ã®æºå data = CSV.read("housing.csv") train, test = partition(eachindex(y), 0.7) # ã¢ãã«ã®èšå® model = @load LinearRegressor pkg=MLJLinearModels mach = machine(model, data) # ã¢ãã«ã®èšç·Ž fit!(mach, rows=train) # ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã®è©äŸ¡ yhat = predict(mach, test) rms = root_mean_squared_error(yhat, test)
5.3 å®è¡çµæãšãã®è§£èª¬
ãã®ããã°ã©ã ãå®è¡ãããšãæåããå Žåã¯äºæž¬ãããäŸ¡æ ŒïŒyhatïŒãšãã®äºæž¬èª€å·®ïŒrmsïŒãåºåãããŸããããã§åŒ·èª¿ãããã®ã¯ãMLJ.jlã䜿çšããã°ãå€ãã®æé ãéåžžã«ã·ã³ãã«ã«ãªãããšã§ããããªãã¡ãããŒã¿ã®æºåããã¢ãã«ã®èšå®ãèšç·ŽããããŠè©äŸ¡ãŸã§ã®ããã»ã¹ãããããæ°è¡ã®ã³ãŒãã§å®çŸããããšã§ãããã®ããšãããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãç 究ãããŒã¿åæãªã©ã®å€æ§ãªã·ãŒã³ã§å¹ççã«äœ¿ããããŒã«ã§ããããšããç解ããã ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããã
6. ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯å ã§ã®ãšã©ãŒè§£æ±ºç
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®äžçã§ã¯æ®å¿µãªãããšã©ãŒã¯é¿ããŠã¯éããªãéããããããããæããã«ç«ã¡åããããšã倧åã§ãããã®ç¯ã§ã¯ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã«ãããå žåçãªãšã©ãŒãšãããããã®è§£æ±ºæ¹æ³ã解説ããŸãã
6.1 ãšã©ãŒã®çš®é¡ãšãã®è§£æ±ºæ¹æ³
ãŸããJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã¯äž»ã«2ã€ã®çš®é¡ã®ãšã©ãŒãçºçããŸãããããæ§æãšã©ãŒãšå®è¡ãšã©ãŒã§ãã
æ§æãšã©ãŒã¯æåéããã³ãŒãã®æžãæ¹ãæ£ãããªãå Žåã«çºçããŸããäŸãã°ãæ¬åŒ§ãéããããŠããªããäºæããªãã€ã³ãã³ãããããã¹ãã«ãã¹ãªã©ã§ãããããã®ãšã©ãŒãžã®å¯ŸåŠæ³ã¯ããšã©ãŒã¡ãã»ãŒãžã§ææãããè¡ãèŠçŽããæ£ããæ§æã«ä¿®æ£ããããšã§ãã
次ã«å®è¡ãšã©ãŒã§ãããããã¯æ§æã¯æ£ãããŠãå®éã«ããã°ã©ã ãåããããšãã«åé¡ãçºçãããã®ã§ããäŸãã°ãååšããªãå€æ°ãåç §ããããããŒã¿ã®åãéããªã©ã®å Žåã«èµ·ãããŸããå®è¡ãšã©ãŒãžã®å¯ŸåŠæ³ã¯ããšã©ãŒã¡ãã»ãŒãžã§ç€ºãããç®æãèŠçŽããã³ãŒããä¿®æ£ããå床åäœã確èªããããšã§ãã
6.2 ãããããšã©ãŒäŸãšãã®å¯ŸåŠæ³
ããã«å ·äœçã«ãJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã§ãããããšã©ãŒäŸãããã€ã玹ä»ããŸãã
ãŸãäžã€ç®ã®ãšã©ãŒäŸã¯ã“UndefVarError: x not defined”ã§ããããã¯å è¿°ã®éãå®è¡ãšã©ãŒã§ãå®çŸ©ãããŠããªãå€æ°xãåç §ããããšããå Žåã«çºçããŸãããã®ãšã©ãŒãžã®å¯Ÿçã¯ãå€æ°xãééããªãå®çŸ©ãããŠããããã¹ã³ãŒãå ããåç §ã§ããç¶æ ã«ãããã確èªããããšã§ãã
äºã€ç®ã®ãšã©ãŒäŸã¯ã“LoadError: ArgumentError: Package XX not found in current path.”ã§ããç¹å®ã®ããã±ãŒãžãããŒãããããšãããšãã«ãã¹å ã§èŠã€ãããªãã£ãå Žåã«çºçããŸãããã®ãšã©ãŒãžã®å¯Ÿçã¯ããã±ãŒãžãååšãããã¹ã確èªããããããã±ãŒãžãæ£ããã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããŠãããã確ãããããšã§ãã
ãããã®è§£æ±ºçã«å ±éããã®ã¯ããšã©ãŒã¡ãã»ãŒãžãããèªã¿ç解ãããšããã¹ãããã§ããã¡ãã»ãŒãžã«ã¯ãšã©ãŒãèµ·ããå Žæãåå ã詳现ã«èšèŒãããŠããŸãããã®ããããããæ£ç¢ºã«ãã¿åãããšã©ãŒã³ãŒãã解èªããåã身ã«ã€ããããšã倧åã§ãã
7. ããããã®åŠç¿ãªãœãŒã¹
Juliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãç解ãã䜿çšããããã«ãæ§ã ãªãªãœãŒã¹ããããŸãããã®äžã§ããç¹ã«åç §ãã¹ãæžç±ããŠã§ããµã€ãããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãã玹ä»ããŸãã
7.1 æžç±ã»ãŠã§ããµã€ãã®çŽ¹ä»
æžç±ã®äžã§ã¯ã“Get Programming with Julia”ãéåžžã«ããããã§ããå®çšçãªäŸãéããŠJuliaãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ã®äœ¿çšæ¹æ³ãäžå¯§ã«åŠã¶ããšãã§ããŸãããŸãããªã³ã©ã€ã³æžåºã§å®¹æã«æã«å ¥ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãŸãããŠã§ããµã€ãã§ã¯Juliaå ¬åŒã®ããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ãéèŠãªåèè³æã§ããããã«ã¯Juliaã®åé¢æ°ãæ©èœã詳ãã解説ãããŠãããåããŠJuliaã䜿ã人ã«ãšã£ãŠãåãããããã深淵ãªç¥èãæ±ããäžçŽè ã«ãšã£ãŠãæçšã§ãã
7.2 ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ã»ãã¥ãŒããªã¢ã«
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