1. Luaã®æŠèŠ
Luaã¯ããã©ãžã«ã®ãªãªããžã£ãã€ãé£éŠå€§åŠã§1993幎ã«èšèšãããã¹ã¯ãªããèšèªã§ããååã®ãLuaãã¯ãã«ãã¬ã«èªã§ãæããæå³ãããã®åã®éããã·ã³ãã«ã§æããç¹æ§ãæã€èšèªãšããŠç¥ãããŠããŸãã
1.1. Luaã®èµ·æºãšèæ¯
Luaã¯ãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããã®æ¡åŒµæ§ãæã€èšèªãšããŠéçºãããŸãããåœåã¯ãããŒã¿èšè¿°èšèªãšããŠã®åœ¹å²ãæãããŠããŸãããããã®åŸãæ±çšã¹ã¯ãªããèšèªãšããŠã®æ©èœã匷åãããå€ãã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãã²ãŒã ã§ã®ã¹ã¯ãªããèšèªãšããŠã®åœ¹å²ãæããããã«ãªããŸããã
1.2. Luaã®åºæ¬çãªç¹åŸŽ
Luaã¯ã軜éã§ãé«éããããŠæ¡åŒµæ§ãé«ããšããç¹åŸŽãæã£ãŠããŸãããŸããCèšèªã§æžãããŠãããããå€ãã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã§åäœããããšãå¯èœã§ããLuaã¯ãã·ã³ãã«ãªææ³ãæã¡ãªãããã匷åãªæ©èœãæã€ãããåå¿è ããäžçŽè ãŸã§å¹ åºããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«æ¯æãããŠããŸãã
1.3. Luaã®äž»ãªçšé
Luaã¯ãã²ãŒã éçºããŠã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ãããŸããŸãªåéã§å©çšãããŠããŸããç¹ã«ãã²ãŒã éçºã§ã¯ãã²ãŒã ã®ããžãã¯éšåãæ åœããã¹ã¯ãªãããšããŠæ¡çšãããããšãå€ãã§ãããŸããé«éæ§ã掻ãããŠããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã§ã®ããŒã¿åŠçããããã¯ãŒã¯å¶åŸ¡ãªã©ã®åéã§ããã®åãçºæ®ããŠããŸãã
2. Luaã®å©ç¹ãšæ¬ ç¹
Luaã¯å€ãã®ããã°ã©ããŒãéçºè ã«æ¯æãããŠããèšèªã§ããããã®çç±ã¯æ°å€ãã®å©ç¹ã«èµ·å ããŠããŸãããããããã¹ãŠã®èšèªã«ã¯æ¬ ç¹ãååšããŸããããã§ã¯ãLuaã®äž»ãªå©ç¹ãšæ¬ ç¹ã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã解説ããŸãã
2.1. ã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã®å©ç¹
Luaã¯ã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ãšããŠç¥ãããŠãããWindowsãMacãLinuxãªã©ã®ããŸããŸãªãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã§åäœããŸããããã«ãããäžåºŠæžãããLuaã®ã³ãŒãã¯ãç°ãªããã©ãããã©ãŒã ã§åå©çšããããšãå¯èœãšãªããŸãããã®ç¹æ§ã¯ãéçºã®å¹çãå€§å¹ ã«åäžãããèŠå ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
2.2. ãªããžã§ã¯ãæåããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®å¯èœæ§
Luaã¯ããªããžã§ã¯ãæåããã°ã©ãã³ã°ïŒOOPïŒã®æŠå¿µããµããŒãããŠããŸããããã«ãããããŒã¿ãšé¢æ°ãäžã€ã®ãªããžã§ã¯ããšããŠãŸãšããããšãã§ããã³ãŒãã®åå©çšæ§ãä¿å®æ§ãåäžããŸããç¹ã«ã倧èŠæš¡ãªãããžã§ã¯ããè€éãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«ãããŠããã®ç¹æ§ã¯éåžžã«æå¹ã§ãã
2.3. Luaã®æ¬ ç¹ãšæ³šæç¹
äžæ¹ãLuaã«ã¯ããã€ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãååšããŸããäŸãã°ãæšæºã©ã€ãã©ãªãéãããŠãããããç¹å®ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå®è¡ããããã®é¢æ°ãäžè¶³ããŠããå ŽåããããŸãããŸããä»ã®äžè¬çãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãšæ¯èŒããŠãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ãµã€ãºãå°ãããããåé¡ã®è§£æ±ºãæ å ±ã®åéãé£ããå ŽåããããŸãããããã®ç¹ãèæ ®ããŠãLuaãéžæããéã«ã¯ããããžã§ã¯ãã®èŠä»¶ãç®çã«åãããŠæ éã«å€æããããšãéèŠã§ãã
3. Luaãæ¡çšããçç±
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã®éžæã¯ããããžã§ã¯ãã®æåã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãäžããéèŠãªæ±ºå®ã§ããLuaã¯ãã®ç¬èªã®ç¹æ§ãšå©ç¹ã«ãããå€ãã®éçºè ãäŒæ¥ã«éžã°ããŠããŸããããã§ã¯ãLuaãæ¡çšããäž»ãªçç±ã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã解説ããŸãã
3.1. æ¢åã®ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã®æ¡çšäŸ
å€ãã®äŒæ¥ãçµç¹ã¯ãLuaãæ¢åã®ã·ã¹ãã ã«çµã¿èŸŒãããšã§ãæè»æ§ãæ¡åŒµæ§ãåäžãããŠããŸããäŸãã°ãã²ãŒã éçºã§ã¯ãã²ãŒã ã®ããžãã¯ãAIãå¶åŸ¡ããããã«Luaã䜿çšãããããšãå€ãã§ãããŸããçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ããããã¯ãŒã¯æ©åšã®èšå®ã¹ã¯ãªãããšããŠããLuaã®æ¡çšäŸã¯å¢ããŠããŸãã
3.2. é«éæ§ãšçµã¿èŸŒã¿çšéãžã®é©æ§
Luaã¯ãé«éãªå®è¡é床ãæã€ããšã§ç¥ãããŠããŸããç¹ã«ãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã åŠçãæ±ããããå Žé¢ã§ã¯ãLuaã®æ§èœã倧ããªã¢ããã³ããŒãžãšãªããŸãããŸããå°ããªã¡ã¢ãªãããããªã³ãã®ããããªãœãŒã¹ãéãããç°å¢ã§ãå¹æçã«åäœããŸãã
3.3. ç¡æã®é«æ©èœIDEãšãããã°æ©èœ
éçºã®å¹çãåäžãããããã«ã¯ãè¯è³ªãªéçºç°å¢ããããã°ããŒã«ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããLuaã«ã¯ãç¡æã§å©çšã§ããé«æ©èœãªIDEããããã°ããŒã«ãå€æ°æäŸãããŠããŸããããã«ãããã³ãŒãã®å質ãä¿ã¡ãªãããè¿ éãªéçºãå¯èœãšãªããŸãã
4. Luaã®åŠç¿ãªãœãŒã¹
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãåŠã¶éãä¿¡é Œæ§ã®ãããªãœãŒã¹ãããŒã«ã¯åŠç¿ã®å¹çã倧ããåäžãããŸããLuaãäŸå€ã§ã¯ãããŸããããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãLuaãåŠã¶ããã®äž»èŠãªãªãœãŒã¹ãããŒã«ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãã
4.1. å ¬åŒãµã€ããšãã®ãªãœãŒã¹
Luaã®å ¬åŒãµã€ãã¯ãèšèªã®ææ°æ å ±ãããã¥ã¡ã³ããæäŸãããŠããŸããåå¿è ããäžçŽè ãŸã§ãå¿ èŠãªæ å ±ãæŽçãããŠãããå ¬åŒã®ãã¥ãŒããªã¢ã«ãFAQãéåžžã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãããŸããå ¬åŒãã©ãŒã©ã ã§ã¯ãäžçäžã®Luaã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãšæ å ±äº€æãã§ãããããçåç¹ãåé¡ã«å¯Ÿãã解決çãèŠã€ããããšãã§ããŸãã
4.2. Luaã®éçºç°å¢
å¹ççãªã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã®ããã«ã¯ãé©åãªéçºç°å¢ã®éžæãéèŠã§ããLuaã®ããã®IDEããšãã£ã¿ã¯å€æ°ååšããããããã®ç¹æ§ãæ©èœã«ãã£ãŠæé©ãªãã®ãéžã¶ããšãã§ããŸããäŸãã°ãZeroBrane StudioãLua Gliderãªã©ã®IDEã¯ãLuaã®éçºã«ç¹åããŠããã匷åãªãããã°æ©èœãã³ãŒãè£å®æ©èœãåããŠããŸãã
4.3. Luaã§ã®ãããã°æ¹æ³
ããã°ã©ã ã®ãã°ããšã©ãŒãå¹ççã«è§£æ±ºããããã«ã¯ããããã°ã®ã¹ãã«ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããLuaã«ã¯ãprinté¢æ°ã䜿çšããã·ã³ãã«ãªãããã°æ¹æ³ãããå°çšã®ãããã°ããŒã«ã䜿çšããé«åºŠãªãããã°æ¹æ³ãŸã§ãããŸããŸãªã¢ãããŒãããããŸããç¹ã«ãå°çšã®ãããã°ããŒã«ã䜿çšããããšã§ãå€æ°ã®å€ã®ç¢ºèªããã¬ãŒã¯ãã€ã³ãã®èšå®ãªã©ãå¹ççãªãããã°ãå¯èœãšãªããŸãã
5. Luaã®æªæ¥
è¿å¹Žããã¯ãããžãŒã®é²åãšãšãã«ãããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã®åœ¹å²ãéèŠãå€ãã£ãŠããŸãããLuaããã®äŸå€ã§ã¯ãããŸããããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãLuaã®æªæ¥ã®å±æã«ã€ããŠæ¢ãããšã§ããã®æç¶çãªé åãæ°ããªå¯èœæ§ã«ã€ããŠèå¯ããŸãã
5.1. IoTããããã¯ãŒã¯å¶åŸ¡ã®éèŠå¢å
IoTïŒInternet of ThingsïŒã®æ®åã«äŒŽããçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãäžå±€éèŠãšãªã£ãŠããŸããLuaã¯ããã®è»œéæ§ãšæ¡åŒµæ§ãããå€ãã®IoTããã€ã¹ããããã¯ãŒã¯å¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã®æ¡çšãå¢ããŠããŸããç¹ã«ããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã åŠçãæ±ããããå Žé¢ã§ã®Luaã®æŽ»èºã¯ç®èŠãŸãããã®ããããŸãã
5.2. ã²ãŒã ãšã³ãžã³ã®éèŠå¢ãšLua
ã²ãŒã éçºã®äžçã§ã¯ãæè»ãªã¹ã¯ãªããã£ã³ã°ãå¯èœãªèšèªã®éèŠãé«ãŸã£ãŠããŸããLuaã¯ããã®ç°¡æœããšé«ãå®è¡é床ãããå€ãã®ã²ãŒã ãšã³ãžã³ã§æ¡çšãããŠããŸããç¹ã«ãã€ã³ãã£ãŒã²ãŒã ã®éçºè ãã¡ã«ãšã£ãŠãLuaã¯æ軜ã«ã²ãŒã ããžãã¯ãå®è£ ã§ãã匷åãªããŒã«ãšããŠèªèãããŠããŸãã
5.3. Luaã®æç¶çãªé å
Luaã®é åã¯ããã®ã·ã³ãã«ããšæ¡åŒµæ§ã«ãããŸããæ°ããæè¡ãã¬ã³ããç»å Žããäžã§ããLuaã¯ãã®åºæ¬çãªç¹æ§ãä¿ã¡ã€ã€ãæ°ããªçšéã«é©å¿ããŠããŸããããã®ãããªæè»æ§ã¯ãLuaãä»åŸãå€ãã®éçºè ããæ¯æãããçç±ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
6. Luaããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãšå¯æ¥
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6.1. å¯æ¥ã§ã®Luaããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®ã¡ãªãã
Luaã¯ã軜éæ§ãšæ¡åŒµæ§ãé åãšãããããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ããå¯æ¥ãšããŠæŽ»çšããå Žåãçæéã§ã®ãããžã§ã¯ãå®äºããå€æ§ãªãããžã§ã¯ããžã®å¯Ÿå¿ãå¯èœãšãªããŸãããŸããLuaã®åŠç¿ã³ã¹ããæ¯èŒçäœããããä»ã®èšèªã«æ¯ã¹ãŠã¹ã¿ãŒããããããšããã¡ãªããããããŸãã
6.2. Luaã掻çšããæåäºäŸ
äŸãã°ãããããªãŒã©ã³ãµãŒã¯ãLuaã䜿çšããŠã²ãŒã ã®ã¹ã¯ãªããã£ã³ã°ãè¡ããæ°ã¶æã§æ°åäžåã®åå ¥ãåŸãããšãã§ããŸããããŸããçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ã®éçºæ¡ä»¶ã§Luaã掻çšããçæéã§é«åçãäžããã±ãŒã¹ãå ±åãããŠããŸãã
6.3. Luaæ¡ä»¶ã®ç²åŸæ¹æ³
Luaã®æ¡ä»¶ç²åŸã«ã¯ãæ±äººãµã€ããããªãŒã©ã³ã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã掻çšããæ¹æ³ãäžè¬çã§ãããŸãããããã¯ãŒãã³ã°ãéããŠçŽæ¥ã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãããã®äŸé Œãåããããšãå¯èœã§ããLuaã®ã¹ãã«ãæã€ããšã§ãå€æ§ãªæ¡ä»¶ã«å¯Ÿå¿ã§ãããããåå ¥ã®å®å®æ§ãæ¡ä»¶ã®å€æ§æ§ã享åããããšãã§ããŸãã
7. ãŸãšããšæ¬¡ã®ã¹ããã
7.1. Objective-Cã§å¯æ¥ãæåããããã€ã³ã
7.2. æ¡ä»¶ç²åŸã§éèŠãªèŠçŽ
7.3. ç¶ç¶çãªåŠç¿ãšã¢ããããŒãã®éèŠæ§
8. Luaããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®å°æ¥æ§
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã®äžçã¯æ¥ã é²åããŠãããæ°ããèšèªãç»å Žããäžæ¹ã§ãå€ãèšèªãå»ããŠããããšããããŸããããããLuaã¯ãã®ã·ã³ãã«ããšæ¡åŒµæ§ã®é«ããããå€ãã®åéã§ã®æ¡çšãç¶ããŠããŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãLuaããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®å°æ¥æ§ã«ã€ããŠãæ¥çã®ãã¬ã³ããä»åŸã®å±æãäžå¿ã«è§£èª¬ããŸãã
8.1. æ¥çã®ãã¬ã³ã
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8.2. ä»åŸã®å±æ
Luaã®ã³ãã¥ããã£ã¯æŽ»çºã§ãæ°ããã©ã€ãã©ãªããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæ¥ã éçºãããŠããŸãããã®ãããªèæ¯ãããLuaã¯ä»åŸãæç¶çãªæé·ãéãããšäºæ³ãããŸããç¹ã«ãã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºããæ°ããæè¡é åãžã®é©å¿ãæåŸ ãããŠããŸããããããæ°ããèšèªãæè¡ã®ç»å Žã«ããã競åãå¢ããå¯èœæ§ãèãããããããåžžã«ææ°ã®ãã¬ã³ãããã£ããã¢ããããããšãéèŠãšãªããŸãã
9. ãŸãšã
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9.1. Luaããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®é å
Luaã¯è»œéã§ãããªãããé«ãæ¡åŒµæ§ãæã€ããšãç¹åŸŽã§ããããã«ãããããŸããŸãªãã©ãããã©ãŒã ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ã®æ¡çšãå¢ããŠããŸãããŸããç¬èªã®æåãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ãµããŒãããå€ãã®éçºè ã«ãšã£ãŠé åçãªèŠçŽ ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
9.2. æ¡ä»¶ç²åŸã®ãã€ã³ã
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