ããžãã¹ã®äžçã§ã¯å€ãããä¿¡é ŒãããCOBOLãšããèšèªãä»ãçãç¶ããŠããŸããããããYPS-COBOLãšããæ°ããæŠå¿µããåãã§ããããïŒå€å žçãªCOBOLããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åŒ·ã¿ã«çŸä»£çãªèŠçŽ ãå ããYPS-COBOLã®é åãç°¡æœã«10åã§åŠã³ããããžãã¹ããŒãœã³ã¯å¿ èŠã§ãããã®èšäºã§ã¯ãYPS-COBOLã®åºç€ããå¿çšããããŠåŠç¿ãªãœãŒã¹ã«è³ããŸã§ãçæéã§å¹ççã«ç解ããããã®èŠç¹ããŸãšããŸãããã²ãäžèªãã ããã
1. YPS-COBOLãšã¯ïŒ
YPS-COBOLãšã¯ãç¹å®ã®ç£æ¥ãæ¥ååãã«äœ¿ãããããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãCOBOLïŒCommon Business Oriented LanguageïŒã«é¢é£ããŠããã·ã¹ãã ãŸãã¯ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãæãæ¶ç©ºã®å称ã§ããCOBOLèªäœã¯ãããžãã¹ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°åéã«ãããå ç¢ãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªã§ããããã®ç¬èªã®ææ³ãšæ§é ã«ãã£ãŠãèšè¿°æ§ãé«ããããžãã¹ããžãã¯ã®è¡šçŸã«é©ããŠããŸãã
YPS-COBOLã¯ãCOBOLèšèªã®åºæ¬çãªç¹åŸŽãç¶æ¿ãã€ã€ãç¹ã«åå¿è ãéå°é家ã容æã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããã工倫ããããŠããŸãããŸããæ¢åã®COBOLã®ã³ãŒãããŒã¹ãšã®äºææ§ãä¿ã¡ã€ã€ãçŸä»£ã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã®ããŒãºã«å¿ããããã®æ©èœæ¡åŒµã«çŠç¹ã眮ããŠããŸãã
äžæ¹ãYPSã¯ããYour Programming Simplifiedãã®ç¥ã§ããœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã®åŠç¿ã容æã«ããããšãç®çãšããããŒã«ããµãŒãã¹ãæäŸããæ¶ç©ºã®ãããžã§ã¯ããæ³å®ããŠããŸãããã®ãããªæèã§ãYPS-COBOLã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒãã¬ã³ããªãŒãªCOBOLã®åŠç¿ç°å¢ãå®è·µããŒã«ãæäŸããããšã§ç¥ãããŠãããããããŸããã
1.1 YPS-COBOLã®æŠèŠ
COBOLèšèªåã³YPS-COBOLã¯ãäž»ã«ããžãã¹ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éçºã«å©çšãããèšèªãšããŠããã¡ã€ãã³ã¹ãä¿éºãè¡æ¿ãšãã£ãåéã§åŒ·åºãªå°äœãç¯ããŠããŸããããããã®æ¥çã§ã¯ã巚倧ãªããŒã¿éåãæ±ãããšãé »ç¹ã§ãããCOBOLã®åŒ·åãªãã¡ã€ã«åŠçèœåãšå®å®æ§ãéåžžã«éå®ãããŠããŸãã
YPS-COBOLã¯ãCOBOLã®åŒ·ã¿ã掻ããã€ã€ãéçºè ã«ããçŽèŠ³çãªããã°ã©ãã³ã°äœéšãæäŸããããšãç®æããŠããŸãããã®ããã«ãç°¡æœãªææ³ãèŠèŠçãªã³ãŒããšãã£ã¿ããããã°ããŒã«ãªã©ãéçºè ãå¹ççã«ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã§ããç°å¢ãæŽããããŠããç¹ãç¹åŸŽã§ãã
å ããŠãYPS-COBOLã¯æè²æ©é¢ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ã§ã®åŠç¿ãªãœãŒã¹ãšããŠãå©çšãããŠãããå°æ¥ã®ããžãã¹ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³éçºè ãã¡ã«COBOLèšèªã®åºç€ããé«åºŠãªãã¯ããã¯ãŸã§ãæããããã®ææãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
1.2 YPS-COBOLã®æŽå²ãšçºå±
COBOLèšèªã¯ã1959幎ã«åããŠå°å ¥ãããŠãããåäžçŽä»¥äžã«ãããäŒæ¥ã®ã¡ã€ã³ãã¬ãŒã ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã«äžå¯æ¬ ãªèšèªãšããŠã®äœçœ®ã確ç«ããŠããŸããããã®çºå±éçšã«ãããŠãå€ãã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã¢ãããè¡ãããçŸä»£çãªèŠçŽ ãåãå ¥ããããŠããçµç·¯ããããŸãã
YPS-COBOLã¯æ¶ç©ºã®ã·ã¹ãã ãšããŠããã®é·ãæŽå²ã®äžã®ã©ããã®æç¹ã§ç»å ŽãããšãããCOBOLèšèªã®ææ°ã®é²åãåæ ãã姿ã§ããããšãä»®å®ãããŸããæ°ããªã©ã€ãã©ãªã®å°å ¥ããã¢ãã³ãªã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã®æ¡çšããã®çºå±ã®äžç°ãšããŠæããããŸãã
ãŸããéçºããŒã«ã®æ¹è¯ãè€æ°ã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããã®ã¯ãã¹ã³ã³ãã€ã«æ©èœãã¯ã©ãŠãã€ã³ãã°ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãªã©ãçŸä»£ã®æè¡ç°å¢ã«åãããé²åãç¶ç¶çã«ãªãããŠããŸãããããã®ã¢ããããŒãã«ãããYPS-COBOLã¯åŸæ¥ã®COBOLéçºè ã ãã§ãªããæ°ããäžä»£ã®ããã°ã©ãã«ãšã£ãŠã䜿ããããããŒã«ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
1.3 YPS-COBOLã®çŸåšã®äœçœ®ã¥ã
ããžã¿ã«ãã©ã³ã¹ãã©ãŒã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®æ³¢ãäžçäžã®ç£æ¥ãåžå·»ããäžãæ§æ¥ã®ã·ã¹ãã ã«äŸåããŠããäŒæ¥ã¯ãå€åã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããã«æ°ããæè¡ãåãå ¥ããå¿ èŠã«è¿«ãããŠããŸãããã®æ代ã®æµãã®äžã§YPS-COBOLã¯ãå€ãCOBOLã·ã¹ãã ãçŸä»£çãªç°å¢ã«é©å¿ãããæ¶ãæ©ãšããŠæ³šç®ãããŠããŸãã
ç¹ã«ãæ¢åã®COBOLããŒã¹ã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãç¶æãã€ã€ãæ°ããããã°ã©ãã³ã°ææ³ããã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãçµ±åããããšãæ±ããããå Žé¢ã§ã¯ãYPS-COBOLã¯å€§ããªå©ããšãªã£ãŠããŸãããã®æè»æ§ãšæ¡åŒµæ§ã«ãããã·ã¹ãã ã®æç¶å¯èœæ§ãšå°æ¥æ§ãé«ããããŠããŸãã
äžæ¹ãæè²çã§ã¯ãCOBOLèšèªã®åºæ¬çãªæŠå¿µãšçŸå®ã®æ¥çã§æ±ããããã¹ãã«ã®æ©æž¡ããããããŒã«ãšããŠãYPS-COBOLãå©çšãããŠããŸããããã«ããã次äžä»£ã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºè ã«å¯ŸããŠãåžå Žã§çŸå®çãªäŸ¡å€ãããããã¹ãã«ãä»äžãããŠããŸãã
1.4 YPS-COBOLã®åºæ¬æ§é
COBOLèšèªã®ç¹åŸŽçãª1ã€ã¯ããã®æ§é ãè±èªã«éåžžã«è¿ã圢ã§èšè¿°ãããŠãããèªç¶èšèªçãªèªã¿ããããæã£ãŠããç¹ã§ãããã®ãããããã°ã©ã ã®æå³ã第äžè ã«ãšã£ãŠãçŽæçã«ç解ãããããã³ãŒãã®ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãæ¯èŒç容æã«ãªããŸãã
YPS-COBOLã§ã¯ããã®èªã¿ããããããã«æšãé²ããŠãéçºè ãããè¿ éã«ããžãã¹ããžãã¯ãã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã§ãããããªå·¥å€«ããããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãé«æ°Žæºã®æœè±¡åãæœãããæ°ããæ§æèŠçŽ ãè¿œå ãããŠããã®ãäžå ã§ãã
ã³ãŒãã®åºæ¬ã¯ãããã°ã©ã IDãç°å¢èšå®ãããŒã¿å®çŸ©ãæç¶ãéšãšãã£ãã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«å€§å¥ãããŸããYPS-COBOLã§ã¯ãããã®åã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãæ確ã«åãããŠãããããããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãç¹å®ã®ç®çãæã£ãŠãããããæ°ããããã°ã©ããè¿·ããªãç解ããå©çšããããšãã§ããèšèšãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
2. YPS-COBOLã®åºæ¬æ§æ
2.1 YPS-COBOLã®ããã°ã©ã æ§é
YPS-COBOLããã°ã©ã ã¯ãå³æ Œãªæ§é ã«åºã¥ããŠãããIDENTIFICATION DIVISIONãENVIRONMENT DIVISIONãDATA DIVISIONãããã³ PROCEDURE DIVISIONã®åã€ã®äž»èŠãªã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ããæãç«ã£ãŠããŸãããããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãç解ããããšã¯ãCOBOLããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åºç€ãåŠã¶éã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
IDENTIFICATION DIVISIONã§ã¯ãããã°ã©ã åãäœè ãªã©ã®åºæ¬çãªæ å ±ãèšèŒããŸããENVIRONMENT DIVISIONã§ã¯ãããã°ã©ã ãåäœããç°å¢ã«é¢ããèšå®ãè¡ããDATA DIVISIONã§äœ¿çšããããŒã¿ã®æ§é ãå®çŸ©ããŸããæåŸã«ãPROCEDURE DIVISIONã§å ·äœçãªåŠçã®æé ãã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããŸãã
ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®åºæ¬çãªç解ããã£ãŠããã°ãYPS-COBOLããã°ã©ã ã®èªã¿æžãããããããªããŸããå€ãã®å Žåãå¹ççãªããã°ã©ã éçºã®ããã«ã¯ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®åœ¹å²ãšããããã®èšè¿°æ¹æ³ãèŠããããšãæ±ããããŸãã
2.2 ããŒã¿ã¿ã€ããšå€æ°å®£èš
YPS-COBOLã§ã¯ãæ§ã ãªããŒã¿ã¿ã€ãã䜿çšããŠããŒã¿ãæ ŒçŽããŸããæãäžè¬çãªããŒã¿ã¿ã€ãã¯æ°å€ïŒNUMERICïŒãšæåïŒALPHABETICãALPHANUMERICïŒã§ããããŒã¿ã¿ã€ãã¯ãå€æ°å®£èšæã«ããŒã¿ã®æ§è³ªãå®çŸ©ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
å€æ°å®£èšã¯DATA DIVISIONå ã®WORKING-STORAGE SECTIONãŸãã¯LOCAL-STORAGE SECTIONã§è¡ãããPICïŒãã¯ãã£ïŒå¥ã䜿çšããŠå€æ°ã®åãšãµã€ãºãæå®ããŸããäŸãã°ã01 ItemType PIC A(20). ã®ããã«èšè¿°ããããšã§ã20æåã®ã¢ã«ãã¡ãããã§æ§æãããå€æ°ã宣èšããããšãã§ããŸãã
æ£ããããŒã¿ã¿ã€ããšé©åãªå€æ°å®£èšã¯ããã°ã©ã ã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ãšå¹çã決å®ããŸãããããã£ãŠãå€æ°ã®ç®çã«å¿ããŠæé©ãªããŒã¿ã¿ã€ããéžæããæ£ç¢ºãªãã¯ãã£å¥ãçšããããšãéèŠã§ãã
2.3 å¶åŸ¡æãšããã·ãŒãžã£
å¶åŸ¡æã¯ãããã°ã©ã ã®ãããŒã管çããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããYPS-COBOLã§ã¯ãIF, EVALUATE, PERFORM ãªã©ã®æ§ã ãªå¶åŸ¡æã䜿çšããŠããžãã¯ãæ§ç¯ããŸããIFæã¯æ¡ä»¶åå²ã«ãEVALUATEæã¯ããè€éãªæ¡ä»¶ã«åºã¥ã決å®ã«ããããŠPERFORMæã¯ã«ãŒãåŠçããµãã«ãŒãã³ãžã®ã³ãŒã«ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
ããã·ãŒãžã£ã¯ãPROCEDURE DIVISIONå ã§å®çŸ©ãããããã°ã©ã å ã®ããŸããŸãªã¿ã¹ã¯ãå®è¡ããããã®ã³ãŒããããã¯ã§ããäŸãã°ãPERFORM CalculateInterest UNTIL LoanAmount = 0 ã®ããã«äœ¿çšããŠãç¹°ãè¿ãåŠçãæ¡ä»¶ãæºãããããŸã§ã®ç¹°ãè¿ãåŠçãå®è£ ããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
é©åãªå¶åŸ¡æãšããã·ãŒãžã£ã®äœ¿çšã«ãããããã°ã©ã ãããèªã¿ããããä¿å®ããããããå¹ççã«ããããšãã§ããŸããè€éãªããã°ã©ã ã«ãããŠãããã®èŠçŽ ã®é©åãªäœ¿çšã¯ãç¹ã«éèŠãšãªããŸãã
2.4 å ¥åºåæäœã®åºç€
ä»»æã®ããã°ã©ã ã«ãããŠãããŒã¿ã®å ¥åºåã¯æ¥µããŠéèŠã§ããYPS-COBOLã§ã¯ãFILE CONTROLãã©ã°ã©ããå©çšããŠãã¡ã€ã«ã®å ¥åºåã管çããŸããINPUT-OUTPUT SECTIONå ã«èšè¿°ããããã®ãã©ã°ã©ãã¯ããã¡ã€ã«ãã©ãã«äœçœ®ããã©ã®ããã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããããå®çŸ©ããŸãã
äŸãã°ãSELECT FileName ASSIGN TO “FILEPATH” ORGANIZATION IS LINE SEQUENTIAL. ãšããèšè¿°ã«ãããè¡ããšã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããã·ãŒã±ã³ã·ã£ã«ãã¡ã€ã«ãå®çŸ©ããããšãã§ãããã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãéããŠããŒã¿ãèªã¿èŸŒãã ãæžã蟌ãã ãããããšãã§ããŸããOPEN, READ, WRITE, CLOSEãšãã£ãã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯ããã¡ã€ã«ã®æäœã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
ãããã®åºæ¬æäœããã¹ã¿ãŒããããšã¯ãYPS-COBOLã§å¹æçãªãã¡ã€ã«åŠçãå®çŸãã第äžæ©ã§ããæ£ããèšèšãããå ¥åºåæäœã¯ãããã°ã©ã ãå€éšããŒã¿ãšå¹ççã«å¯Ÿè©±ããããã®éµãšãªããŸãã
3. å®è·µçãªYPS-COBOLããã°ã©ãã³ã°
3.1 YPS-COBOLã§ã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹æ¥ç¶
YPS-COBOLãçšããããŒã¿ããŒã¹æ¥ç¶ã¯å€ãã®äŒæ¥ã·ã¹ãã ã«ãããŠéèŠãªæ©èœã§ããæ¥ç¶ããã»ã¹ãã¹ã ãŒãºã«è¡ãããã«ã¯ããŸãã¯é©åãªãã©ã€ããŒã®éžå®ãèå¿ã§ããéåžžãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãã³ããŒããæäŸãããODBCãJDBCãã©ã€ããŒã䜿çšããŸãã
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æåŸã«ãEXEC SQLã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã䜿çšããŠãYPS-COBOLããã°ã©ã å ã§SQLã¯ãšãªãå®è¡ããŸãããããã®ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯ããªã³ã³ãã€ã«ãããããŒã¿ããŒã¹ç®¡çã·ã¹ãã ãšã®éã§ããŒã¿ãããåãããŸãããšã©ãŒãã³ããªã³ã°ãå®è£ ããæ¥ç¶å€±æãã¯ãšãªå®è¡å€±ææã«é©åã«å¯Ÿå¿ã§ããããšãéèŠã§ãã
3.2 YPS-COBOLã§ã®ãã¡ã€ã«æäœ
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SELECTãšASSIGNæãçšããŠãããã°ã©ã å ã§äœ¿çšãããã¡ã€ã«ãæå®ããŸããããã§ãã¡ã€ã«åãã·ã¹ãã ã«çŽä»ãããã¡ã€ã«ã®çš®é¡ïŒã·ãŒã±ã³ã·ã£ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ä»ããçžå¯Ÿãã¡ã€ã«ãªã©ïŒãå®çŸ©ããŸãããŸããOPENãCLOSEæã§ãã¡ã€ã«ã®ãªãŒãã³ãšã¯ããŒãžã³ã°ã管çããŸãããã
å ·äœçãªããŒã¿èªã¿åããæžã蟌ã¿ã«ã¯READãWRITEæã䜿çšããŸãããšã©ãŒåŠçãçµã¿åãããããšã§ããã¡ã€ã«ãèŠã€ãããªãå Žåãå ¥åºåãšã©ãŒãçããæã®å¯Ÿçãå¯èœã§ããå¹ççãªãã¡ã€ã«æäœãèšèšããããšã§ãããã°ã©ã ã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ãåäžããŸãã
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3.4 ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹æé©åã®ãã€ã³ã
YPS-COBOLã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹æé©åã«ã¯ããã€ãã®ããŒãã€ã³ããååšããŸããããã°ã©ã å ã§ã®ã«ãŒãåŠçã®æé©åãããã«ããããäžèŠãªç¹°ãè¿ããé¿ããããšã倧éããŒã¿åŠçã«ãããå¹ççãªã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®éžæãéèŠã§ãã
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4. YPS-COBOLã®éçºç°å¢
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4.1 COBOLéçºçšã®IDEãšããŒã«
å¹ççãªCOBOLéçºãå®çŸãããããç¹å®ã®çµ±åéçºç°å¢(IDE)ãšããŒã«ãæ¬ ãããŸãããIDEã¯ã³ãŒãã®ç·šéãããããã°ããã¹ããŸã§ãäžé£ã®ãããŒã§ãµããŒãããŸãã
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4.2 ã¯ãã¹ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã§ã®éçº
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4.3 ã³ã³ãã€ã«ãšãã¹ãã®ããã»ã¹
COBOLã³ãŒããå®è¡å¯èœãªããã°ã©ã ã«å€æããã«ã¯ã³ã³ãã€ã©ãå¿ èŠã§ããYPS-COBOLã®ã³ã³ãã€ã©ã¯é«éã§ãšã©ãŒã«å¯ŸããŠè©³çŽ°ãªæ å ±ãæäŸããŸãã
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éçºè ã¯ãŠããããã¹ãããã·ã¹ãã å šäœã®ãã¹ããŸã§ãå¹ åºããã¹ãã±ãŒã¹ã容æã«å®è£ ã§ããŸãã
4.4 ããŒãžã§ã³ç®¡çãšã³ã©ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³
ä»»æã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢ãããžã§ã¯ãã§äžå¿çãªåœ¹å²ãæããã®ããããŒãžã§ã³ç®¡çã·ã¹ãã ã§ãããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯å€æŽã®å±¥æŽã远跡ããããŒã ã¡ã³ããŒéã®äœæ¥ãåæãããŸãã
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5. YPS-COBOLã®å¿çšãšäºäŸ
5.1 æ¥åã·ã¹ãã ã§ã®YPS-COBOL掻çšäºäŸ
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5.2 ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãšã©ã€ãã©ãªã®å©çš
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å ããŠãç¹å®ã®æ¥çãåŠçã«ç¹åããã©ã€ãã©ãªãçµã¿åãããããšã§ãYPS-COBOLã¯ãã匷åãªããŒã«ãžãšå€è²ããŸããäŸãã°ã財åèšç®åãã®ã©ã€ãã©ãªã䜿çšããããšã§ãéçºè ã¯è€éãªéèèšç®ãçæéã§å®è£ ã§ããäœæ¥å¹çã®å€§å¹ ãªåäžãèŠèŸŒããŸãã
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5.3 éºç£ã³ãŒãã®æ±ããšã¢ããã€ãŒãŒã·ã§ã³
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å ·äœçã«ã¯ãéºç£ã³ãŒãã段éçã«ãªãã¡ã¯ã¿ãªã³ã°ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã·ã¹ãã ãšãã£ãææ°ã®æè¡ãšçµ±åããŠããæ¹æ³ãäžè¬çã§ãããã®éçšã§ãYPS-COBOLã®ã³ãŒãèªäœãžã®ç解ãšãå€éšã·ã¹ãã ãžã®é©åãªã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹èšèšãäžå¯æ¬ ãšãªããŸãã
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5.4 COBOLãšä»èšèªã®é£æº
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6. YPS-COBOLåŠç¿ãªãœãŒã¹ãšã³ãã¥ããã£
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6.4 掻çºãªã³ãã¥ããã£ãšæ¯æŽ
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